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Title: Control of Listeria monocytogenes on frankfurters with antimicrobials and hydrodynamic pressure processing

Author
item Patel, Jitu
item Sanglay, Gabriel
item Solomon, Morse

Submitted to: Journal of Muscle Foods
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/22/2007
Publication Date: 3/26/2009
Citation: Patel, J.R., Sanglay, G.C., Solomon, M.B. 2009. Control of Listeria monocytogenes on frankfurters with antimicrobials and hydrodynamic pressure processing. Journal of Muscle Foods. 20:227-241.

Interpretive Summary: Listeria monocytogenes is an important pathogen of concern in ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products. It is ubiquitous in nature, is difficult to completely remove from the processing environment, and is known for its ability to survive in refrigerated environments. Antimicrobials are being used in frankfurters to prevent the outgrowth of L. monocytogenes during refrigerated storage. We evaluated the antilisterial activity of sodium diacetate (SD) and commercially available pediocin (ALTA 2341) on frankfurters in combination with hydrodynamic pressure processing (HDP). Frankfurters were surface inoculated with a five-strain mixture of L. monocytogenes after dipping in (1) control (sterile water), (2) 5 percent SD, (3) P1 (3 percent ALTA 2341), (4) P2 (6 percent ALTA 2341), (5) P1 + SD, and (6) P2 + SD for 5 minutes. The frankfurters were vacuum packed and treated with hydrodynamic pressure or without HDP. Frankfurters were periodically analyzed for pH, L. monocytogenes (MOX), and aerobic (TSAYE) cell populations during storage of 28 days at 4°C. HDP treatment significantly reduced L. monocytogenes populations in frankfurters. Dipping treatments containing sodium diacetate or ALTA 2341 did not significantly reduce L. monocytogenes in frankfurters. There was no synergistic effect between ALTA 2341 and HDP for inhibition of L. monocytogenes. The reduction pattern in aerobic cell populations during storage of antimicrobials and HDP treated frankfurters was similar to that of L. monocytogenes reduction. These results indicate that the ALTA 2341 preparation was not efficient enough to kill L. monocytogenes. Other antimicrobials should be evaluated in conjunction with HDP treatment for synergistic inhibition of L. monocytogenes during storage at 4°C.

Technical Abstract: The antilisterial activity of sodium diacetate (SD) and pediocin (ALTA 2341) on frankfurters was evaluated in combination with hydrodynamic pressure processing (HDP). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these strains as determined in tryptic soy broth was 0.4 percent, and >1200 AU/ml for sodium diacetate (SD) and ALTA 2341, respectively. Frankfurters were surface inoculated with a five-strain mixture of L. monocytogenes after dipping in (1) control (sterile water), (2) 5 percent SD, (3) P1 (3 percent ALTA 2341), (4) P2 (6 percent ALTA 2341), (5) P1 + SD, and (6) P2 + SD for 5 minutes. The frankfurters were vacuum packed and treated with hydrodynamic pressure or without HDP. Frankfurters were periodically analyzed for pH, L. monocytogenes (MOX), and aerobic (TSAYE) cell populations during storage of 28 days at 4°C. Antimicrobials and HDP treatment did not change (P<0.05) the frankfurter pH. HDP treatment significantly reduced L. monocytogenes populations in frankfurters. Dipping treatments containing sodium diacetate or ALTA 2341 did not significantly reduce L. monocytogenes in frankfurters. There was no synergistic effect between ALTA 2341 and HDP for inhibition of L. monocytogenes. The reduction pattern in aerobic cell populations during storage of antimicrobials and HDP treated frankfurters was similar to that of L. monocytogenes reduction. These results indicate that the ALTA 2341 preparation was not efficient enough to kill L. monocytogenes. Other antimicrobials should be evaluated in conjunction with HDP treatment for synergistic inhibition of L. monocytogenes during storage at 4°C.