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ARS Home » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #212831
Title: New Plant Introductions with Resistance to the Soybean Aphid

Author
item Mian, Rouf
item HAMMOND, R - OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
item ST. MARTIN, S - OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/25/2007
Publication Date: 5/20/2008
Citation: Mian, R.M., Hammond, R.B., St. Martin, S.K. 2008. New Plant Introductions with Resistance to the Soybean Aphid. Crop Science. 48:1055-1061.

Interpretive Summary: The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) (SA) is a serious threat to soybean in the North central soybean growing region of the USA. In addition to the yield loss of soybean from direct feeding damage, a potentially large threat posed by the aphid is its ability to transmit certain plant viruses such as Alfalfa mosaic virus, Soybean dwarf virus, and Soybean mosaic virus to soybean. Currently, all commercial soybean lines are susceptible to the SA. The objective of this study was to identify new sources of resistance to the SA. Through a high-throughput screening of soybean plant introductions in a greenhouse three plant introductions (PIs) (PI 243540, PI 567301B, and PI 567324) were identified as resistant while six PIs were identified as moderately resistant. The findings on the three resistant and three moderately resistant PIs were confirmed through further field and greenhouse choice tests. PI 243540 displayed strong antibiosis resistance such that SA was unable to survive on this PI in a no-choice test. The other two resistant PIs possessed mainly antixenosis type resistance. PI 243540 and PI 567301B were also resistant to the SA isolate from Illinois. These plant introductions with aphid resistance should be useful in efforts to develop aphid-resistant soybean cultivars.

Technical Abstract: The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) (SA) was first found in the northern soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., growing regions of the USA in 2000. By 2005, the aphid had spread to 23 soybean growing states reaching as far south as Mississippi and Georgia and also north into Ontario, Canada. The objective of this study was to identify new sources of resistance to the SA. Nearly 200 soybean genotypes (cultivars, breeding lines and plant introductions) were screened for resistance to SA in a greenhouse choice test using SA collected in Wooster, Ohio. Three plant introductions (PIs) (PI 243540, PI 567301B, and PI 567324) were identified as resistant while six PIs were identified as moderately resistant. The findings on the three resistant and three moderately resistant PIs were confirmed through further field and greenhouse choice tests. PI 243540 displayed strong antibiosis resistance such that SA was unable to survive on this PI in a no-choice test. The other two resistant PIs possessed mainly antixenosis type resistance. PI 243540 and PI 567301B were also resistant to the SA isolate from Illinois.