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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #219770
Title: Development of near isogenic peanut lines with and without resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode

Author
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley
item Timper, Patricia - Patty
item DONG, WEIBO - UNIV OF GA
item KVIEN, CRAIG - UNIV OF GA
item CULBREATH, ALBERT - UNIV OF GA

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/1/2008
Publication Date: 4/15/2008
Citation: Holbrook Jr, C.C., Timper, P., Dong, W., Kvien, C.K., Culbreath, A.K. 2008. Development of near isogenic peanut lines with and without resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode. Crop Science 48:194-198.

Interpretive Summary: The peanut root-knot nematode and tomato spotted wilt virus are pathogens of peanut that result in large yield losses in the southeastern United States. Peanut varieties are available that have resistance to either the peanut root-knot nematode or tomato spotted wilt virus, but no varieties are available that have resistance to both pathogens. The objective of this research was to combine resistance to both pathogens in a single variety. During the course of this research we also had the opportunity to develop genetically similar sister lines (near isogenic lines) with and without nematode resistance. Such near isogenic lines would be valuable research tools to obtain a better understanding of the interaction of nematodes with other pathogens of peanut. Breeding populations were developed and selection for nematode resistance was conducted using standard greenhouse screening techniques. Selection for TSWV resistance was conducted in the field with natural virus infection. A breeding line (C724-19-15) was selected that had high resistance to both pathogens. A near isogenic line (C724-19-25) without resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode was also developed. Both breeding lines exhibited higher resistance to TSWV and higher yield than standard check cultivars when grown in fields with little or no nematode pressure. Because of its high level of resistance to both TSWV and M. arenaria, the breeding line C724-19-15 had significantly higher yield than all others entries when grown in two locations with high pressure from both pathogens. This line should be a valuable variety for peanut growers who have to deal with both pathogens. Both isolines are available to the research community, and should be valuable experimental tools to answer important questions about the interactions of nematodes and other peanut diseases.

Technical Abstract: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars are available that have high resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1] or spotted wilt, caused by tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus (TSWV), however, no cultivars exist that have resistance to both pathogens. The objective of this research was to combine resistance to both pathogens in a single genotype. During the course of this research we also had the opportunity to develop isolines with and without nematode resistance. Such isolines would be valuable research tools to obtain a better understanding of the interaction of nematodes with other pathogens of peanut. Breeding populations were developed by hybridizing the TSWV resistant cultivar, ‘C-99R’ with the nematode resistant cultivar, ‘COAN’. Selection for nematode resistance was conducted using standard greenhouse screening techniques. Selection for TSWV resistance was conducted in the field with natural virus infection. A breeding line (C724-19-15) was selected that had high resistance to both pathogens. An isoline (C724-19-25) without resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode was also developed. Both breeding lines exhibited higher resistance to TSWV and higher yield than standard check cultivars when grown in fields with little or no nematode pressure. Because of its high level of resistance to both TSWV and M. arenaria, the breeding line C724-19-15 had significantly higher yield than all others entries when grown in two locations with high pressure from both pathogens. This breeding line should be valuable for peanut growers who have to deal with both pathogens. Both isolines are available to the research community, and should be valuable experimental tools to answer important questions about the interactions of M. arenaria with other peanut diseases.