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Title: Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum isolates from cottonseed imported from Australia into California for dairy feed

Author
item Liu, Jinggao
item Bell, Alois - Al
item Wheeler, Michael - Mike
item Stipanovic, Robert - Bob

Submitted to: National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/30/2007
Publication Date: 1/9/2008
Citation: Liu, J., Bell, A.A., Wheeler, M.H., Stipanovic, R.D. 2008. Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum isolates from cottonseed imported from Australia into California for dairy feed [abstract]. Proceedings of Beltwide Cotton Conferences, January 8-12, 2008, Nashville, Tennessee. 2008 CDROM.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov) is a continuing threat to cotton production in the United States as exemplified by the newly recognized Australian Fov biotypes in Australia and identification of Fov race 4 in California that were causing serious damages to cotton production. Bell et al. recovered a total of 17 F. oxysporum isolates from cottonseed imported from Australia into California for dairy feed in 2003. In order to resolve the genetic relatedness of these Australian cottonseed isolates to the U.S. isolates and to isolates of Australian biotype, we sequenced fragments of translation elongation factor 1-a (EF-1a), phosphate permase (PHO), b-tubulin, and mating type (Mat1-1 and Mat1-2) genes of these Australian cottonseed isolates and conducted phylogenic and sequence analysis. Australian seed isolates and the 4 Kochman's Australian biotype isolates from wilted cotton plant in Australia are distinct from American Fov isolates in that they caused wilt in root dip assays, but not in stem puncture inoculations. One seed isolate, AustSeed 14, which is as aggressive as Kochman's isolates and vegetatively compatible with Kochman's isolates, belonged to race 3 lineage. Eleven of the 17 seed isolates also belonged to race 3 lineage and formed a not vegetatively compatible with the U.S. race 1 lineage isolates. The remaining four seed isolates (AustSeed 1 group) does not belong to any known race lineages. Furthermore, indel analysis of the EF-1a gene sequences revealed a close evolutionary relationship among AustSeed 14 isolates, Kochman's Australian isolates and the four AustSeed 1 group seed isolates. Race 3 isolates favors alkaline clay soil and does not require nematodes to cause severe disease; this is also true for Australian biotypes. Australian seed isolates may present a threat to the U.S. cotton industry.