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Title: Pale Swallow-wort: It’s Establishing and Expanding. How Can We Control It?

Author
item AVERILL, KRISTINE - CORNELL UNIV
item DITOMMASO, ANTONIO - CORNELL UNIV
item MOHLER, CHARLES - CORNELL UNIV
item Milbrath, Lindsey

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/18/2008
Publication Date: 4/18/2008
Citation: Averill, K.M., Ditommaso, A., Mohler, C.L., Milbrath, L.R. 2008. Pale Swallow-wort: It’s Establishing and Expanding. How Can We Control It?. Meeting Abstract. Northeast Natural History Conference X Abstracts. NY. State Museum Circular 71:5.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Pale Swallow-wort [Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar.] is a nonnative, perennial, herbaceous vine invading natural areas in the northeastern U.S.A. and southeastern Canada. In Central New York State, we followed vegetative expansion in forest and old-field environments and conducted disturbance experiments. Number of stems per plant did not change over years in the forested sites, but increased by 30% from July 2005 to July 2007 in the old-fields. First-year results suggested that seedling emergence and survival varied based on old-field locations, which differed in elevation and soil drainage, as well as type of disturbance. At Hanshaw, mowed plots (21%) had greater total seedling emergence than all other treatments: glyphosate + tilled (4%), glyphosate (7 %), and control (11%). Control plots had greater emergence than glyphosate + tilled plots. At the Mt. Pleasant field site, total emergence the following growing season was 18% and did not differ between treatments. At Mt. Pleasant, which is at a greater elevation and is better drained than Hanshaw, the May cohort survival was 73% and the June cohort had 88% survival. At Hanshaw, the May cohort survival was 40% and the June cohort had 43% survival. We also investigated controlling swallow-wort in an old-field with triclopyr and/or clipping. Two years after treatments began, swallow-wort cover was lower in plots treated with triclopyr (20%) compared to clipped-only (56%) or unmanaged controls (76%). Regardless of clipping frequency, clipping in June or July was not effective in reducing swallow-wort stem density, cover, or follicle production.