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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Crop Science Research Laboratory » Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #230082
Title: Seed trait evaluation of Gossypium barbadense L. chromosomes/arms in a G. hirsutum L. background

Author
item WU, JIXIANG - MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV
item Jenkins, Johnie
item McCarty, Jack
item THAXTON, PEGGY - MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV

Submitted to: Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/25/2009
Publication Date: 4/1/2009
Citation: Wu, J., Jenkins, J.N., McCarty Jr., J.C., Thaxton, P. 2009. Seed trait evaluation of Gossypium barbadense L. chromosomes/arms in a G. hirsutum L. background. Euphytica. 167:371-380.

Interpretive Summary: Investigation of cotton seed nutritional components is important because seeds provide an important nutritional profile and possibly serve as a biofuel resource. In this study, we evaluated five cultivars, 13 cotton chromosome substitution (CS-B) lines, their donor parent, ‘3-79’, and their recurrent parent, ‘TM-1’, for seed traits over four environments. Results showed that genotypic effects were more important than genotype by environment interaction effects for seed index, embryo percentage, oil percentage, and oil index. Chromosome associations with these seed traits were detected using the comparative method by comparing the differences between each CS-B line and TM-1. Results also showed that seed index was highly correlated with protein index, oil index, and fiber index. Lint percentage, boll number, and lint yield were positively correlated with protein percentage while negatively correlated with seed index and oil index. Seed index, fiber percentage, protein index, oil index, and fiber index showed negative correlations with micronaire but positive correlations with fiber length and strength. Our results suggested that agronomic traits and seed nutrition contents can be improved simultaneously while improving seed traits and will also result in the improvement of fiber quality.

Technical Abstract: Investigation of cotton seed nutritional components is important because seeds provide an important nutritional profile and possibly serve as a biofuel resource. In this study, we evaluated five cultivars, 13 cotton chromosome substitution (CS-B) lines, their donor parent, ‘3-79’, and their recurrent parent, ‘TM-1’, for seed traits over four environments. A mixed linear model approach with the jackknife method was employed to estimate variance components and to predict genotypic effects for each seed trait. Results showed that genotypic effects were an important contributor to the phenotypic variances for all seed traits and genotype by environment interaction effects were significant for seed index, embryo percentage, oil percentage, and oil index. Chromosome associations with these seed traits were detected using the comparative method by comparing the differences between each CS-B line and TM-1. Results showed that seed index was highly correlated with protein index, oil index, and fiber index. Lint percentage, boll number, and lint yield were positively correlated with protein percentage while negatively correlated with seed index and oil index. Seed index, fiber percentage, protein index, oil index, and fiber index showed negative correlations with micronaire but positive correlations with fiber length and strength. Thus, the results suggested that agronomic traits and seed nutrition contents can be improved simultaneously while improving seed traits and will also result in the improvement of fiber traits when these materials are used.