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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Griffin, Georgia » Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #230831
Title: Agrobotanical attributes, nitrogen-fixation, enzyme activities and nutraceuticals and tyrosinase enzyme of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L.) - a bio-functional medicinal legume.

Author
item NAEEM, M - ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIV INDIA
item KHAN, M - ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIV INDIA
item Morris, John - Brad

Submitted to: American Journal of Plant Physiology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/21/2008
Publication Date: 5/15/2009
Citation: Naeem, M., Khan, M., Morris, J.B. 2009. Agrobotanical attributes, nitrogen-fixation, enzyme activities and nutraceuticals and tyrosinase enzyme of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L.) - a bio-functional medicinal legume.. American Journal of Plant Physiology. 4:58-69.

Interpretive Summary: Hyacinth bean is an important food, forage, and medicinal plant. Growth, physiological attributes and nutritional qualities including protein, carbohydrate, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content in hyacinth bean accessions of the USDA, ARS collection are unknown. EC 497619 was superior in growth, yield, and nutritional qualities when compared to the other accessions tested. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium content in hyacinth beans ranged from 3.610 - 3.643, 0.338 - 0.356, 3.020 - 3.124, and 1.764 - 1.804%, respectively. Seed protein ranged from 24.7 - 25.06% while carbohydrate content ranged from 50.83 - 53.16% for all accessions tested. High amounts of minerals have been found in several hyacinth bean accessions. These hyacinth bean accessions could be used by the nutritional markets or by breeders to develop superior hyacinth bean varieties containing high amounts of protein, carbohydrates, and minerals.

Technical Abstract: Hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L.) accessions of different origins received from USDA, ARS, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, Griffin, GA, U.S.A. were evaluated for agrobotanical attributes, enzyme activities, nutraceuticals and quality in pot culture at AMU, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. Fresh and dry weights per plant, leaf-area, number and dry weight of nodules per plant, net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content, activities of nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase, leaf-NPK and Ca contents and nodule-nitrogen and lehemoglobin content, respectively were analyzed at 60, 90, and 120 days after sowing (DAS). Photosynthesis was measured only at 90 DAS. Yield attributes including pod number per plant, seed number per pod, 100-seed weight and seed-yield per plant were recorded at harvest (150 DAS). Protein and carbohydrate content as well as tyrosinase activity in hyacinth bean seeds were also determined. Among the five accessions, EC-497619 (A4) showed superior performance over the rest of the accessions. Accession A4 showed the highest values for growth, yield, physiological, biochemical and quality attributes in comparison to the other accessions. Net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were found maximum in the A4 accession. Chlorophyll and carotenoid content were also reported higher in accession A4. Accession A4 showed higher nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase activities than the other accessions. Nodule nitrogen and leghemoglobin content ranged from 5.267 - 5.314% and 0.110 - 0.130 mM, respectively. Mineral profiles, viz. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium content varied from 3.610 - 3.643, 0.338 - 0.356, 3.020 - 3.124, and 1.764 - 1.804%, respectively. Seed protein of all accessions varied from 24.70 - 25.06%. Carbohydrate content ranged from 50.83 - 53.16% across all accessions tested. Accession A4 produced the highest tyrosinase activity in the seeds.