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Title: Role of IL-10 during Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) Infection and Its Potential Use as Immunomodulator

Author
item DIAZ-SAN SEGUNDO, FAYNA - ORISE-ARS, PIADC FELLOW
item RODRIGUEZ-CALVO, T - CISA-INIA, SPAIN
item DE AVILA, A - CISA-INIA, SPAIN
item De Los Santos, Teresa
item Grubman, Marvin
item SEVILLA, NOEMI - CISA-INIA, SPAIN

Submitted to: Episone Theme 5 Meeting
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/1/2008
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in the generation of primary T cell responses and the maintenance of immune responses. Viruses can specifically target DCs rendering them ineffective in stimulating T cells, which can ultimately lead to immunosuppression. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) suppresses cellular immune response by modulating the function of T cells and antigen-presenting cells. In the present study we report that IL-10 production by DC is drastically increased during acute infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in swine. In vitro blockade of IL-10 with a neutralizing antibody restores T cell activation by DC. Additionally, we described the interference of FMDV with DC maturation and antigen presentation capacity. Moreover, FMDV infects monocyte-DC progenitor cells, impairing their development. Thus, we propose a new mechanism of virus immunity in which a non-persistent virus (FMDV) induces immunosuppression by producing IL-10 that reduces T cell function. This reduction of T cell activity may result in a more potent induction of neutralizing antibody responses, clearing the viral infection. These findings have allowed the design of new immune adjuvants that will be discussed during the presentation.