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Title: Sequence analysis of a bovine rhinovirus type 1 strain RS3x

Author
item PICCONE, MARIA - VISITING SCIENTIST UCONN
item KRAMER JR, EDWARD - 1940-35-00 COLLABORATOR
item KNOWLES, NICK - IAH PIRBRIGHT UK
item Rieder, Aida - Elizabeth

Submitted to: American Society for Virology Meeting
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/1/2009
Publication Date: 7/10/2009
Citation: Piccone, M.E., Kramer Jr, E.V., Knowles, N.J., Rieder, A.E. 2009. Sequence analysis of a bovine rhinovirus type 1 strain RS3x. American Society for Virology Meeting. Paper No. 32-8: P. 337.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Bovine rhinoviruses, known to cause clinical and subclinical upper respiratory infections in bovines worldwide, include three serotypes. Bovine rhinovirus (BRV) 1, 2 and 3 were originally classified as tentative members of the genus Rhinovirus (family Picornaviridae), however, in 2008 this genus was abolished (the human rhinoviruses being reassigned to the genus Enterovirus). The genome sequence of BRV-2 was recently determined (Hollister J, Vagnozzi A, Knowles NJ and Rieder E, 2008, Virology 373: 411-425) and shown to be most closely related to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV; genus Aphthovirus). BRV-2 has since been renamed bovine rhinitis B virus (BRBV) and assigned as a distinct species in the genus Aphthovirus. In this study, the genome of BRV-1 (strain RS3x) has been partially sequenced and the tissue culture conditions required to grow both BRV-1 and BRBV were investigated. Analysis of the BRV-1 sequence data indicated that it was most closely related to BRBV and FMDV. The data also revealed that BRV-1 contains a leader protein coding sequence and PCR priming indicates that it contains a poly-C tract. The predicted 2A protein sequence was also similar to that of BRBV and FMDV. The virus genomes of both BRV-1 and BRBV contain only one copy of the VPg gene, whereas all FMDV’s have three copies. Although the deduced polyprotein sequences of BRV-1 and BRBV were most closely related to each other (~52% amino acid identity), they were nearly as different as they were to FMDVs (~48% aa identity in each case). The other aphthovirus species, Equine rhinitis A virus, was more distantly related to all three viruses (~39% aa identity). Based on the genome organization of BRV-1 and its close relationship to BRBV and FMDV we propose that it is classified as a new species in the genus Aphthovirus.