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Title: Phenolic and Short-Chained Aliphatic Organic Acid Constituents of Wild Oat (Avena fatua L.) Seeds

Author
item GALLAGHER, ROBERT - Pennsylvania State University
item ANANTH, ROHIT - Pennsylvania State University
item BRADLEY, BROSI - Pennsylvania State University
item GRANGER, KRISTEN - Pennsylvania State University
item Anderson, James
item FUERST, E.PATRICK - Washington State University

Submitted to: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/30/2009
Publication Date: 1/13/2010
Citation: Gallagher, R.S., Ananth, R., Granger, K., Bradley, B., Anderson, J.V., Fuerst, E.P. 2010. Phenolic and Short-Chained Aliphatic Organic Acid Constituents of Wild Oat (Avena fatua L.) Seeds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 58:218-225. DOI:10.1021/jf9038106.

Interpretive Summary: The objective of this research was to identify and quantify the phenolic acids present in the seeds 3 of three wild-type populations of wild oat and compare these results to the phenolic acid 4 composition and concentration of seeds from two commonly utilized wild oat isolines (M73 and 5 SH430). Phenolic acids have been shown to serve as germination inhibitors, as well as protection 6 for seeds from biotic and abiotic stress factors in other species. The various populations of wild 7 oat were grown under a ‘common garden’ environment to remove maternal variation and the 8 resulting seeds were extracted to remove the readily soluble and chemically bound phenolic acid 9 components. Phenolic acids were identified and quantified using gas chromatography – mass 10 spectrometry. Ferulic and p-coumaric acid comprised 99% of the total phenolic acids present in 11 the seeds, of which 91% were contained in the hulls and 98% were in the chemically bound 12 forms. Smaller quantities of OH-benzoic and vanillic acid were also detected.

Technical Abstract: The objective of this research was to identify and quantify the phenolic acids present in the seeds 3 of three wild-type populations of wild oat and compare these results to the phenolic acid 4 composition and concentration of seeds from two commonly utilized wild oat isolines (M73 and 5 SH430). Phenolic acids have been shown to serve as germination inhibitors, as well as protection 6 for seeds from biotic and abiotic stress factors in other species. The various populations of wild 7 oat were grown under a ‘common garden’ environment to remove maternal variation and the 8 resulting seeds were extracted to remove the readily soluble and chemically bound phenolic acid 9 components. Phenolic acids were identified and quantified using gas chromatography – mass 10 spectrometry. Ferulic and p-coumaric acid comprised 99% of the total phenolic acids present in 11 the seeds, of which 91% were contained in the hulls and 98% were in the chemically bound 12 forms. Smaller quantities of OH-benzoic and vanillic acid were also detected.