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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Protection and Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #249089
Title: Peanut core collection established in China and compared with ICRISAT mini core collection

Author
item JIANG, HUI-FANG - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item REN, XIAO-PING - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item LIAO, BO-SHOU - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item HUANG, JIA-QUAN - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item LEI, YONG - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item CHEN, BEN-YIN - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item Guo, Baozhu
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley
item UPADHYAYA, H.D. - International Crops Research Institute For Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - India

Submitted to: Acta Agronomica Sinica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/21/2007
Publication Date: 1/1/2008
Citation: Jiang, H.F., Ren, X.P., Liao, B.S., Huang, J.Q., Lei, Y., Chen, B.Y., Guo, B., Holbrook, C.C., Upadhyaya, H.D. 2008. Peanut core collection established in China and compared with ICRISAT mini core collection. Acta Agronomica Sinica. 34(1):25-30.

Interpretive Summary: The current USDA collection contains over 9,000 accessions, while ICRISAT (the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) maintains a collection of 14,723 accessions and China has over 6,000 accessions in Wuhan. In order to utilize the genetic resources, a core and a mini core collection have been development in both USA and ICRISAT. This study was the first reported core collection in China and the comparison of these two collections (China and ICRISAT) and the diversity have been assessed. Because of its size, it is difficult to examine the entire collection to identify traits that could be of value for peanut research community worldwide. Core collections are representative subsamples that can be used to improve the efficiency of germplasm evaluation, conservation and utilization. This core collection consists of 576 accessions from total 6390 accessions of cultivated peanuts in China. The genetic variation in the entire collection was well presented in the core collection based on comparison of diversity index of the involved traits in both entire and core collections. Comparison between the newly selected Chinese peanut core collection and ICRISAT mini core collection of 184 lines indicated that there were wider diversities in the var. hirsuta and vulgaris in the Chinese core collection. The ICRISAT peanut collection had wider diversities in var. hypogaea and fastigiata.

Technical Abstract: The core collection has been well accepted as a useful way to improve the efficiency of crop germplasm evaluation, conservation and utilization. Around 6390 accessions of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) have been collected in China. In order to characterize and utilize the germplasm more efficiently for further crop improvement, the available morphological and biochemical data were analyzed to develop a core collection. The entire collection was first stratified by botanical types and then grouped by origin locations. Based on the data of 15 morphological and biochemical characters, the accessions in each botanical type were clustered by SAS method. From each cluster, five to ten percent of the accessions were randomly selected to form a core collection consisting of 576 accessions, which was 9.01% of the entire collection. The genetic variation in the entire collection was well presented in the core collection based on comparison of diversity index of the involved traits in both entire and core collections. Comparison between the newly selected Chinese peanut core collection and the introduced mini core collection consisting of 184 lines established at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) indicated that there were wider diversities in the var. hirsuta and vulgaris as well as in leaf length, leaf width, seed length, seed width in the Chinese core collection. The ICRISAT peanut collection had wider diversities in var. hypogaea and fastigiata as well as in plant height and number of total branches than Chinese peanut resource.