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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Cereal Crops Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #251743
Title: Variation in Kernel Characteristics and Protein Molecular Weight Distribution of Langdon Durum–Wild Emmer Wheat Chromosome Substitution Lines

Author
item Ohm, Jae-Bom
item Klindworth, Daryl
item Hareland, Gary
item Faris, Justin
item ELIAS, M - North Dakota State University
item Xu, Steven

Submitted to: Journal of Cereal Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/18/2010
Publication Date: 6/24/2010
Citation: Ohm, J., Klindworth, D.L., Hareland, G.A., Faris, J.D., Elias, M., Xu, S.S. 2010. Variation in Kernel Characteristics and Protein Molecular Weight Distribution of Langdon Durum–Wild Emmer Wheat Chromosome Substitution Lines. Journal of Cereal Science. 52:207-214.

Interpretive Summary: Wild wheat is a useful source of genes to improve agronomic and quality characteristics of durum wheat. Research was performed to identify chromosomes from wild wheat that carry useful genes for quality improvement. Lines in which a single chromosome from wild wheat replaced a single chromosome from durum wheat had previously been developed. These lines are called durum-emmer substitution lines. The durum-emmer substitution lines, consisting of 13 lines based on emmer accession PI481521, 10 lines on PI478742, and 2 lines on Israel A, were evaluated for kernel characteristics and protein composition. Durum-emmer substitution lines that carry emmer chromosomes 3A from PI481521, and 1A and 7A from PI478742 had improved kernel hardness, indicating that those wild emmer chromosomes might carry minor genes to increase kernel hardness. Chromosome 2A from PI481521 was identified to increase semolina yield primarily due to an increase in kernel weight. Some substituted emmer chromosomes also affected grain protein concentration and protein molecular weight distribution. Durum-emmer substitution lines carrying chromosomes 2A, 5B, and 7B from PI481521, and 6B from Israel A had increased total protein concentration, which was primarily attributed to an increase in a class of proteins called gliadins. A durum-emmer substitution line with chromosome 6B from PI478742 was uniquely identified to have an increase in a class of proteins called SDS insoluble high molecular weight polymeric proteins, and these proteins contributed to increased dough mixing strength. Results from this research indicated that chromosome 6B from PI478742 is a potentially useful gene source to improve total protein concentration as well as dough characteristics of durum wheat.

Technical Abstract: Triticum turgidum L. var. dicoccoides (DIC) provides a useful source of genes to improve agronomic and quality characteristics of durum wheat. Research was performed to identify DIC chromosomes that carry useful genes for quality improvement. Langdon-T. dicoccoides substitution lines consisting of 13 lines based on DIC accession PI481521, 10 lines on PI478742, and 2 lines on Israel-A were evaluated for kernel characteristics and protein molecular weight distribution. DIC chromosomes 3A from PI481521, and 1A and 7A from PI478742 increased kernel hardness. Chromosome 2A from PI481521 increased kernel weight which resulted in increased semolina yield. Some substituted DIC chromosomes also affected grain protein concentration and protein molecular weight distribution. For example, chromosomes 2A, 5B, and 7B from PI481521, and 6B from Israel A increased total protein concentration, which was primarily attributed to an increase of SDS soluble gliadins. Chromosome 6B from PI478742 was unique in that it led to an increase in SDS insoluble high molecular weight polymeric proteins, which contributed to increased dough mixing strength. Results from this research indicated that chromosome 6B from PI478742 is a potential gene source to improve dough characteristics of durum wheat by increasing insoluble high molecular weight polymeric protein concentration.