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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Ames, Iowa » National Laboratory for Agriculture and The Environment » Agroecosystems Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #255041
Title: Biofuel Co-products as Swine Feed Ingredients: Combining Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) and Crude Glycerin

Author
item LAMMERS, P - Iowa State University
item Kerr, Brian
item HONEYMAN, M - Iowa State University

Submitted to: Animal Feed Science and Technology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/21/2014
Publication Date: 2/1/2015
Citation: Lammers, P.J., Kerr, B.J., Honeyman, M.S. 2015. Biofuel co-products as swine feed ingredients: Combining distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and crude glycerin. Animal Feed Science And Technology. 201:110-114.

Interpretive Summary: The expansion of the bio-fuel industry has resulted in a substantial increase in the availability of distillers dried grains with solubles-DDGS (the proncipal co-product of ethanol production) and crude glycerin (the principal co-product of biodiesel production), both of which have been shown to be a valuable feedstuff in diet formulations in swine. To date, however, there is little research available evaluating the combination of utlizing these two feedstuffs together in diets fed to growing pigs. The current experiment demonstrated that feeding growing pigs DDGS or crude glycerin, alone or in combination, had little impact of pig performance, but feeding DDGS increased the unsaturated fatty acid concentration of pork fat, but the addition of crude glycerin partially offset the DDGS effect. Therefore, feeding grow-finish pigs diets containing 25% DDGS and 10% crude glycerin has the potential to reduce market pig consumption of corn grain by more than 30% without compromising performance or carcass quality. This information is important for nutritionists at universities, feed companies, and swine production facilities showing them the ability to use DDGS and crude glycerin as a viable feed ingredient in diets fed to growing pigs.

Technical Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of combining corn DDGS with crude glycerin on growth performance and carcass traits to determine if a high level of crude glycerin supplementation could counteract the impact of corn DDGS on fatty acid profile of pork adipose. The experimental design was a 3×2 factorial arrangement of treatments with three levels of corn DDGS (0, 150, or 250 g/kg diet) and two levels of crude glycerin (0 or 100 g/kg diet). Pigs were fed one of six experimental diets over a 3-phase feeding program for 84 d with each diet within phase formulated to be equal in metabolizable energy (ME) and standardized ileal digestible lysine (SID Lys). Pigs and feeders were weighed every 14 d to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed efficiency (G:F). On d-84, pigs were weighed and scanned using real-time ultrasound to obtain fat depth and longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) area. Pigs were then harvested at a commercial abattoir and a sample of adipose was collected from the jowl of each pig. Because there was no interaction between level of corn DDGS and crude glycerin fed, only main effects are presented. Pig performance and carcass characteristics were not affected by dietary treatment (P=0.05). Differences in fatty acid composition were present due to dietary treatment. Increasing the level of corn DDGS reduced concentration of both saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and increased the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in pork jowl adipose (P<0.01). Pigs fed 100 g crude glycerin/kg diet had higher concentrations of MUFA and lower concentrations of PUFA (P<0.05). Diets containing up to 250 g corn DDGS/kg and 100 g crude glycerin/kg support growth of finishing pigs. However, increasing dietary levels of corn DDGS increased the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids in pork jowl adipose and this was not ameliorated by feeding 100 g/kg crude glycerin.