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ARS Home » Plains Area » Brookings, South Dakota » Integrated Cropping Systems Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #255285
Title: A Review of Alternative Protein Sources in Aquaculture Feeds

Author
item AYADI, FEROUZ - South Dakota State University
item Rosentrater, Kurt
item MUTHUKUMARAPPAN, K - South Dakota State University

Submitted to: Meeting Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/15/2010
Publication Date: 6/20/2010
Citation: Ayadi, F., Rosentrater, K.A., Muthukumarappan, K. 2010. A Review of Alternative Protein Sources in Aquaculture Feeds. 2010 ASABE Annual International Meeting, Pittsburgh PA, June 20-23, 2010.

Interpretive Summary: With a global sea food production of about 51.7 million tonnes in 2006, and an annual growth rate of 6.9% from 1970 to 2006, aquaculture is one of the fastest growing sectors in the food industry. Feed represents 40% to 70% of operating costs for aquaculture operations. Fish diets typically contain between 20% and 50% crude protein, depending on the fish species. High quantities of fish meal are commonly used in these feeds to supply fish with essential proteins, amino acids, and fatty acids. However, during the last three years prices for fish meal have stayed above 1000 $/t, and almost reached 1300 $/t in August 2009. Increasing expenses and potential declining supplies of fish meal have led scientists to search for less expensive, but compatible alternative protein sources for fish feed; most of which are based on animal or plant protein sources. The objective of this study is to review some alternative protein sources including animal by-products (e.g. poultry by-products), fishery by-products, bacterial proteins, plant proteins (e.g. soybean meal, distillers dried grains with solubles, and others). The problems and advantages of these alternatives (i.e. nutritive, levels of inclusion, and their acceptability values in actual fish diets) will be discussed.

Technical Abstract: With a global sea food production of about 51.7 million tonnes in 2006, and an annual growth rate of 6.9% from 1970 to 2006, aquaculture is one of the fastest growing sectors in the food industry. Feed represents 40% to 70% of operating costs for aquaculture operations. Fish diets typically contain between 20% and 50% crude protein, depending on the fish species. High quantities of fish meal are commonly used in these feeds to supply fish with essential proteins, amino acids, and fatty acids. However, during the last three years prices for fish meal have stayed above 1000 $/t, and almost reached 1300 $/t in August 2009. Increasing expenses and potential declining supplies of fish meal have led scientists to search for less expensive, but compatible alternative protein sources for fish feed; most of which are based on animal or plant protein sources. The objective of this study is to review some alternative protein sources including animal by-products (e.g. poultry by-products), fishery by-products, bacterial proteins, plant proteins (e.g. soybean meal, distillers dried grains with solubles, and others). The problems and advantages of these alternatives (i.e. nutritive, levels of inclusion, and their acceptability values in actual fish diets) will be discussed.