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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Griffin, Georgia » Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #261644
Title: GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF ACCESSIONS IN THE U.S. PEANUT MINI-CORE COLLECTION

Author
item Wang, Ming
item SUKUMARAN, SIVAKUMAR - Kansas State University
item Anglin, Noelle
item CHEN, ZHENBANG - University Of Georgia
item Chen, Charles
item Guo, Baozhu
item Pittman, Roy
item Pederson, Gary
item YU, JIANMING - Kansas State University

Submitted to: Plant and Animal Genome Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/1/2010
Publication Date: 1/15/2011
Citation: Wang, M.L., Sukumaran, S., Barkley, N.L., Chen, Z., Chen, C.Y., Guo, B., Pittman, R.N., Pederson, G.A., Yu, J. 2011. GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF ACCESSIONS IN THE U.S. PEANUT MINI-CORE COLLECTION. Plant and Animal Genome Conference. p.138.

Interpretive Summary: Peanut seeds contain not only a high percentage of oil (49%) with high oleate but also a high percentage of protein (25%) and nutritious phytochemicals (such as flavonoids and resveratrol). Consumption of oil containing high oleic acid and products containing a high percentage of flavonoids and resveratrol can contribute to human health. Therefore, peanut is one of the most important oilseed and nutritional crops in the world. The U.S. Peanut germplasm collection is maintained in the USDA-ARS, PGRCU, Griffin, Georgia and mini-core collection has been established. The genetic diversity and population structure have not been well evaluated. DNA markers with different morphological and biochemical traits have not been well associated. In this study, 94 peanut accessions have been selected from the U.S. mini-core collection and grown for two years. Seed quality traits (including oil content, fatty acid composition, flavonoids, and resveratrol) have been analyzed on NMR, GC, and HPLC. Morphological traits have been observed for two years. The same accessions were also genotyped with 88 SSR markers plus one functional SNP marker from fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2). Useful association of DNA markers with seed traits has been identified from this study. The association information would be useful for peanut breeding programs.

Technical Abstract: Peanut seeds contain not only a high percentage of oil (49%) with high oleate but also a high percentage of protein (25%) and nutritious phytochemicals (such as flavonoids and resveratrol). Therefore, peanut is one of the most important oilseed and nutritional crops in the world. The U.S. Peanut germplasm collection is maintained in the USDA-ARS, PGRCU, Griffin, Georgia, and a mini-core collection has been established. The genetic diversity and population structure of this mini-core collection have not been well evaluated. DNA markers with different morphological and biochemical traits have not been well associated. The objectives of this study were to (1) assess genetic diversity and population structure of this mini-core collection, (2) evaluate the morphological and seed quality traits, and (3) identify the potential associations between DNA markers and seed quality traits. In this study, 94 peanut accessions were selected from the U.S. mini-core collection and grown for two years. Seed quality traits (including oil content, fatty acid composition, flavonoids, and resveratrol) were analyzed on NMR, GC, and HPLC. Morphological traits were observed for two years. The same accessions were also genotyped with 88 SSR markers plus one functional SNP marker from fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) on genome A. Genetic analysis identified four major subpopulations in this diverse peanut panel and FAD2 was significantly associated with oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) content.