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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Geneva, New York » Grape Genetics Research Unit (GGRU) » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #269024
Title: Inheritance of sugar and acid contents in the ripe berries of a tetraploid x diploid grape cross population

Author
item LIANG, ZHENCHANG - Chinese Academy Of Sciences
item ZHAO, SHENGJIAN - Hebei Academy Of Agriculture & Forestry
item MA, AIHONG - Hebei Academy Of Agriculture & Forestry
item Zhong, Gan-Yuan
item LI, SHAOHUA - Chinese Academy Of Sciences

Submitted to: Journal of Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/5/2011
Publication Date: 8/4/2011
Citation: Liang, Z., Zhao, S., Ma, A., Zhong, G., Li, S. 2011. Inheritance of sugar and acid contents in the ripe berries of a tetraploid x diploid grape cross population. Journal of Euphytica. 182:251-259.

Interpretive Summary: Sugar and acid contents are two important attributes in table grapes. It has been well recognized that fructose and glucose are the predominant sugars and malic and tartaric acids are the most abundant acids in the berries of most grape cultivars. In this study, we investigated how the contents of sugars and acids in the parents were correlated with that in their progeny populations. The crosses were made between a tetraploid table grape ( 4 copies of genetic information) and a diploid table grape ( 2 copies of genetic information). We found that the progeny population segregated for three different ploidy levels: dipolids (2 copies of genetic information), triploids (3 copies of genetic information), and tetraploids (4 copies of genetic information). Sugar content in tetraploid progeny was significantly higher than that in the diploid progeny. Transgressive segregation for sugar content was observed in all the three ploidy levels in the progeny population. The sugar contents appeared additive as the ploidy level increased. All the sugar contents were highly and positively correlated with each other. Malic acid in the diploid progeny population was significantly higher than that in the polyploidy progeny populations, and the tartaric acid in the triploid progeny was significantly higher than that in diploid and tetraploid progenies. In contrast with the sugar content, the total acid content was decreased as the ploidy level increased. Positive correlations were also observed among the contents of various acids, but the correlation coefficient was low between tartaric acid and malic acid and moderate between tartaric acid and the total acids. A large range of variation was observed for both sugars and acids in the triploid and tetraploid progenies than in the diploid progeny. The information is valuable for characterizing table grapes.

Technical Abstract: Inheritance patterns of sugar and organic acid contents of ripe berries in a tetraploid x diploid table grape cross population were investigated in two successive years. The population segregated for three different ploidy levels: dipolids, triploids, and tetraploids. Sugar content in tetraploid progeny was significantly higher than that in the diploid progeny. Transgressive segregation for sugar content was observed in all the three ploidy levels in the progeny population. The broad sense heritabilities (H2) of glucose, fructose and total sugar contents ranged from 0.68 to 0.79. The tetraploid progeny had the highest H2, followed by the diploid and triploid progeny. The sugar contents appeared additive as the ploidy level increased. All the sugar contents were highly and positively correlated with each other. Malic acid in the diploid progeny population was significantly higher than that in the polyploidy progeny populations, and the tartaric acid in the triploid progeny was significantly higher than that in diploid and tetraploid progenies. H2 of organic acids ranged from 0.71 to 0.91, with the tetraploids having the highest mean H2. In contrast with the sugar content, the total acid content was decreased as the ploidy level increased. Positive correlations were also observed among the contents of various acids, but the correlation coefficient was low between tartaric acid and malic acid and moderate between tartaric acid and the total acids. The tetraploid maternal parent was more important in determining tartaric acid content of triploid and tetraploid progenies. A large range of variation was observed for both sugars and acids in the triploid and tetraploid progenies than in the diploid progeny.