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Title: Environmental stability of oleic acid concentration in seed oil for soybean lines with FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B mutant genes

Author
item LEE, JEONG-DONG - Kyungpook National University
item Bilyeu, Kristin
item PANTALONE, VINCENT - University Of Tennessee
item Gillen, Anne
item SO, YOON-SUP - Chungbuk National University
item SHANNON, J.GROVER - University Of Missouri

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/2/2011
Publication Date: 5/1/2012
Citation: Lee, J., Bilyeu, K.D., Pantalone, V., Gillen, A.M., So, Y., Shannon, J. 2012. Environmental stability of oleic acid concentration in seed oil for soybean lines with FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B mutant genes. Crop Science. 52(3):1290-1297.

Interpretive Summary: The fatty acid profile of vegetable oil determines the ultimate utilization that the oil is most suited for in both food applications and for industrial uses. We recently created soybean seeds containing a high oleic acid content in the oil, a trait that will improve the oxidative stability of the oil and offer the ability to replace the functionality of partially hydrogenated soybean oil without the production of trans fatty acids. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of different growing environments on the oleic acid content of the seed oil. The results demonstrated that one combination of mutant genes provided the most effective buffer of the environmental impact on the ability to produce high oleic acid seed oil. Overall the high oleic acid trait was very stable across multiple environments. The impact of this research is the advancement of understanding the target gene combinations and appropriate growing environments to develop more functional soybean oils.

Technical Abstract: Elevating oleic acid (18:1) in seed oil content improves oxidative stability and is desirable for expanding edible and industrial uses of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Soybean lines with up to 800 g kg-1 oleic acid (18:1) concentration were developed by combining a recessive mutant allele at the FAD2-1A locus (Glyma10g42470) each with two different recessive mutant alleles at the FAD2-1B locus (Glyma20g24530). However, 18:1 content for higher oleic acid genotypes can fluctuate due to growing conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of seed oleic acid content among 10 soybean lines with elevated 18:1 and eight checks over six environments. Double recessive soybean genotypes with genes from crossing M23 with the FAD2-1A' mutant and PI567189A with the FAD2-1B mutant I143T accumulated less oleic acid, and means for oleic acid content varied across environments ranging from 551 to 729 g kg-1 18:1. On the other hand, means for seed oleic acid concentration averaged across environments for five of six double recessive lines from a cross of M23 with the FAD2-1A' mutant and PI283327 with the FAD2-1B mutant P137R varied less, ranging from 772 to 799 g kg-1 18:1. Thus, genotypes can be generated with high and relatively stable 18:1 when grown in different environments. Combining FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B mutant genes from different sources can affect both seed oleic acid content and stability of 18:1 of soybean genotypes grown in different environments.