Skip to main content
ARS Home » Southeast Area » Dawson, Georgia » National Peanut Research Laboratory » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #274141
Title: Peanut cultivar response to tomato spotted wilt virus over five planting dates

Author
item NUTI, RUSSELL - Dow Agrosciences
item Chen, Charles
item Dang, Phat
item HARVEY, ERNEST - University Of Auburn

Submitted to: Peanut Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/18/2013
Publication Date: 1/24/2014
Citation: Nuti, R., Chen, C.Y., Dang, P.M., Harvey, E. 2014. Peanut cultivar response to tomato spotted wilt virus over five planting dates. Peanut Science. Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 32-41.

Interpretive Summary: Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is transmitted during feeding of thrips on peanut seedlings. This disease causes severe stunting and yield loss in susceptible peanut varieties. It is common in the Southeast US and significantly reduces yield and grade of peanuts. Peanut planting is traditionally started when soil temperatures warm up in mid to late April. The current recommendation for planting date has been changed to May 11 to May 31 to help avoid thrips feeding and reduce TSWV disease. Planting later increases the work load on farmers and buying points and increases the risk of having a tropical storm damage the crop during a late harvest. Late planting can also contribute to reduced crop maturity and less yield. Improved TSWV tolerance may allow growers to plant earlier spreading risk and work load. Peanut varieties Georgia Green, Georgia-03L, AT 3085RO, and Flavor Runner 458 were compared with the advanced breeding line EXP 271516. Peanuts were visually rated for foliar condition at harvest. Peanut yield and grade are reported for 2008 and 2009 in Dawson, Georgia and Headland, Alabama. Peanuts were planted at five planting dates starting in late April through early June each year. Disease incidence was not consistent in each year, location, or planting date. Planting dates in April and early May resulted in higher TSWV disease. Foliar TSWV ratings for the susceptible cultivar ‘Flavor Runner 458’ ranged between 48-96% at harvest. Georgia Green had 10-65% TSWV and yields ranging between 2,950-4,845 lb/A. Other cultivars had better TSWV tolerance resulting in higher yield under high TSWV incidence. Planting in middle of May or later resulted in the highest yields. Cultivars with improved tolerance to TSWV maintained yield above 4,000 lb/A in the earliest April planting dates.

Technical Abstract: Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is vectored by thrips and is an economically damaging peanut disease in the Southeast US. Peanut planting is traditionally initiated when soil temperatures become favorable in April. Planting in the latter two thirds of May is recommended to avoid thrips feeding and reduce TSWV incidence. This regime increases work load for growers and buying points, increases risk of tropical storm damage during harvest, and may contribute to reduced crop maturity. Improved TSWV tolerance may allow growers to plant earlier spreading risk and work load. Cultivars ‘Georgia Green’, ‘Georgia-03L’, ‘AT 3085RO’, and ‘Flavor Runner 458’ were compared with the advanced breeding line ‘EXP 271516’ based on peanut foliar condition, pod yield, and grade in 2008 and 2009 in Dawson, Georgia and Headland, Alabama. Peanuts were planted at five planting dates starting in late April through early June each year. Disease incidence was variable according to year, location, and planting date. Planting dates in April and early May resulted in higher TSWV incidence. Foliar TSWV ratings for the susceptible cultivar ‘Flavor Runner 458’ ranged between 48-96% at harvest. Cultivar ‘Georgia Green’ had 10-65% TSWV incidence while maintaining yields between 2,950-4,845 lb/A. Other cultivars had better TSWV tolerance resulting in higher yield under high TSWV incidence. Planting in middle of May or later resulted in the highest yields. Cultivars with improved tolerance to TSWV maintained yield above 4,000 lb/A in April plantings.