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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Beltsville, Maryland (BHNRC) » Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center » Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #274983
Title: Chemical composition, and anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of the leaf and wholeplant samples of diploid and tetraploid gynostemma pentaphyllum

Author
item XIE, ZHUOHONG - University Of Maryland
item HUANG, HAIQIU - University Of Maryland
item ZHAO, YANG - University Of Maryland
item SHI,, HAIMING - University Of Maryland
item WANG, SHAOLE - University Of Maryland
item Wang, Thomas - Tom
item Chen, Pei
item YU, LUCY - University Of Maryland

Submitted to: Food Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/12/2011
Publication Date: 10/19/2011
Citation: Xie, Z., Huang, H., Zhao, Y., Shi,, H., Wang, S., Wang, T.T., Chen, P., Yu, L. 2011. Chemical composition, and anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of the leaf and wholeplant samples of diploid and tetraploid gynostemma pentaphyllum. Food Chemistry. 132:125-133.

Interpretive Summary: The chemical compositions, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of leaf and whole-plant samples of the diploid and tetraploid Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) were studied. The highest levels of total flavonoids and phenolics were observed in the diploid leaf. The tetraploid whole-plant botanical (4L3) had the highest total saponin content. The diploid leaf samples had the overall higher antiproliferative effects in HT-29 cells. These extracts had different order of antiproliferative properties in the LNCaP cells, suggesting the potential selective inhibition of GP extracts against different types of cancer cells. In addition, the diploid leaf extracts showed the strongest inhibitory effects on expression of TNF-a, IL-6 and COX-2 mRNA at final concentrations of 0.2 and 1 mg botanical equivalents/mL media. The results from this study will be used to develop new nutraceutical products from Gynostemma pentaphyllum.

Technical Abstract: Leaf and whole-plant samples of the diploid and tetraploid Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP)were investigated and compared for their chemical compositions, and their potential anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. The highest levels of total flavonoids and phenolics were observed in the diploid leaf botanical (2L3) at 36.84 mg rutin equiv/g and 41.15 mg gallic acid equiv/g respectively. The diploid leaf sample (2L2) had highest amount of rutin and quercetin contents of 77.7 µmol quercetin equiv/g. The tetraploid whole-plant botanical (4L3) had the highest total saponin content of 227.1 mg gypenoside equivalents/g. Extracts from all tested GP samples showed time- and dose-dependent antiproliferative effects in HT-29 cells, and diploid leaf samples had the overall highest inhibitory activity. These extracts had different order of antiproliferative properties in the LNCaP cells, suggesting the potential selective inhibition of GP extracts against different types of cancer cells and the effect of cell model in screening and evaluation of antiproliferative components. In addition, the diploid leaf extracts showed the strongest inhibitory effects on expression of TNF-a, IL-6 and COX-2 mRNA at final concentrations of 0.2 and 1 mg botanical equivalents/mL media. The results from this study will be used to develop new nutraceutical products from Gynostemma pentaphyllum.