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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Ames, Iowa » National Laboratory for Agriculture and The Environment » Agroecosystems Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #275407
Title: Influence of thermally-oxidized oils and fats on growth performance and health status of young pigs

Author
item LIU, PAI - University Of Minnesota
item Kerr, Brian
item Weber, Thomas
item CHEN, CHI - University Of Minnesota
item JOHNSTON, LEE - University Of Minnesota
item SHURSON, GERALD - University Of Minnesota

Submitted to: Midwestern Section of the American Society of Animal Science
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/21/2012
Publication Date: 3/21/2012
Citation: Liu, P., Kerr, B.J., Weber, T.E., Chen, C., Johnston, L., Shurson, G. 2012. Influence of thermally-oxidized oils and fats on growth performance and health status of young pigs [abstract]. Midwestern Section of the American Society of Animal Science. Journal of Animal Science 90 (Suppl. 2):75.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: One hundred two barrows (~ 6.7 kg BW) were used to investigate the effects of feeding corn-soybean meal diets containing thermally-oxidized oils and animal fats on growth performance and health status. Pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 12 dietary treatments in a 4 × 3 factorial design, including 12 diets containing 10% lipid [corn oil (CN), canola oil (CA), poultry fat (PF), and tallow (TL)], with 3 oxidation levels: original lipids (OR), slow oxidation (SO) of lipids heated for 72 h at 95°C, and rapid oxidation (RO) of lipids heated for 7 h at 185°C. Pigs were provided ad libitum access to diets for 28-d, followed by a 10-d limited (4% BW) feed intake period. On d 38 after a 24 h fast, serum was collected for triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CL) analysis. On d 39, all pigs were euthanized to determine liver weight and collect liver samples. After a 28-d ad libitum feeding period, pigs fed RO lipids had lower (12.93 vs. 14.63 kg, P < 0.05) BW, tended to have lower (353 vs. 418 g/d, P = 0.09) ADFI, and had reduced (228 vs. 285 g/d, P < 0.05) ADG compared to pigs fed OR lipids. Pigs fed CA had reduced (0.59 vs. 0.68, 0.67, and 0.68, P < 0.05) G:F compared with those fed CN, PF, and TL diets. Hepatosomatic index of pigs fed RO lipids tended to increase (P = 0.09) compared to those fed the OR lipids. Pigs fed SO or RO lipids had decreased (P < 0.05) liver TG concentration than those fed OR lipids. The lower liver TG levels in pigs fed SO and RO was consistent with the higher (P < 0.05) mRNA expression of PPARa target genes (ACO, CPT-1, and mHMG-CoA-S) in those fed SO and RO than in OR. Pigs fed either CN or CA tended to have increased (P = 0.09) liver TG concentration compared to those fed TL. Liver CL concentration in pigs fed CN diets was lower (1914 vs. 2050 µg/g, P < 0.05) than those fed PF diets, and tended to be lower (1914 vs. 1987 µg/g, P = 0.06) than those fed TL diets, whereas pigs fed CA diets had decreased (1673 vs. 2050 and 1987 µg/g, P < 0.05) liver CL concentration than those fed PF or TL diets. In conclusion, feeding high temperature treated oxidized lipids negatively affected growth performance and health status of young pigs, as indicated by a decrease in ADFI and ADG, a higher hepatosomatic index, and lower hepatic TG concentrations.