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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #276406
Title: Comparison of genetic diversity based on SSR markers between peanut mini core collections from China and ICRISAT

Author
item JIANG, HUI-FANG - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item REN, XIAO-PING - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item ZHANG, XIAO-JIE - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item HUANG, JIA-QUAN - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item LEI, YONG - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item YAN, LI-YING - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item LIAO, BO-SHOU - Oil Crops Research Institute - China
item UPADHYAYA, H - International Crops Research Institute For Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - India
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley

Submitted to: Acta Agronomica Sinica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/25/2011
Publication Date: 12/30/2011
Citation: Jiang, H., Ren, X., Zhang, X., Huang, J., Lei, Y., Yan, L., Liao, B., Upadhyaya, H.D., Holbrook Jr, C.C. 2011. Comparison of genetic diversity based on SSR markers between peanut mini core collections from China and ICRISAT. Acta Agronomica Sinica. 36:1084-1091.

Interpretive Summary: Although peanut originated in South America, it has been grown for several centuries in China, and China is an important secondary center of genetic diversity for peanut. China maintains a large collection of peanut germplasm, however, little information has been published about this collection, and nothing is known about how this collection compares to the International Peanut Germplasm collection maintained at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). The objective of this study was to compare the genetic diversity in the China collection to that maintained in the International Collection. Results showed important sources of genetic diversity in the Chinese collection that are not included in the International Collection. Efforts are needed to include this diversity in the International Collection.

Technical Abstract: Mini core collections play an important role in evaluating genetic resources of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). This study aimed at comparing the genetic diversities of domestic and exotic peanut mini core collections and providing basic data for germplasm introduction and peanut breeding. The exotic mini core collection, which was introduced from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT, Patancheru, India), consisted of 168 accessions, whereas the Chinese mini core collection consisted of 298 accessions. A total of 26 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of these genotypes and their similarities. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.49 to 0.99 among the total 466 accessions and the largest genetic distance was between “L2 Gangguo” from the Chinese core collection and “ICG12625" from the ICRISAT core collection. Among the 6 botanical types of peanut, the fastigiata type had the largest genetic diversity in both Chinese and ICRISAT mini core collections, which were 1.11 and 0.97, respectively. The hypogaea type had the second largest diversity with genetic diversity indices of 0.89 and 0.88 for Chinese and ICRISAT mini core collections, respectively. The genetic distance between the 2 mini core collections was larger than that within a mini core collection. Particularly, the aequatoriana genotype ICG12625 from ICRISAT had the largest differences to the Chinese genotypes. According to similarity coefficient and genetic diversity index, the genetic diversity was greater among genotypes from the Chinese mini core collection than that from the ICRISAT mini core collection.