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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Geneva, New York » Grape Genetics Research Unit (GGRU) » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #277868
Title: Total antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of twenty-four Vitis vinifera grapes

Author
item LIANG, ZHENCHANG - Cornell University
item CHENG, LAILIANG - Cornell University
item Zhong, Gan-Yuan
item LIU, RUI-HAI - Cornell University

Submitted to: PLOS ONE
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/21/2014
Publication Date: 8/18/2014
Citation: Liang, Z., Cheng, L., Zhong, G., Liu, R. 2014. Total antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of twenty-four Vitis vinifera grapes. PLoS One. 9(8): e105146. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0105146.

Interpretive Summary: Grapes are rich in many plant chemical compounds (phytochemicals) that have significant benefits to human nutrition and health. As a step toward bringing these benefits of grape phytochemicals to consumers, we carried out a study to determine the causal or correlative relationships of a group of phytochemicals, phenolic compounds, with their antioxidant and antiproliferation activities in the extracts of 24 representative grape cultivars using an in vitro cell culture system. Significantly positive correlations were found among total phenolics, total flavonoids and total antioxidant activities. However, no significant correlations were found between total antioxidant activities and antiproliferative activities against HepG2 cell (a type of cancer cell) growth. Wine grapes showed much higher levels of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities than table grapes. Similarly, colored grapes were higher than green yellow grapes. This study revealed the potential benefits of grapes as a component of the human diet.

Technical Abstract: The phytochemical profiles of 24 Vitis vinifera grape cultivars, including total phenolics, total flavonoids, total antioxidant activity and antiproliferative activity, were determined. Total phenolic contents in the cultivars ranged from 95.3 to 686.5 mg of gallic acid equivalents/100 g FW, and total flavonoid contents ranged from 94.7 to 1055 mg of catechin equivalents/100 g FW. The contributions of total flavonoids to the total phenolics in the 24 grape cultivars ranged from 40.3 to 91.3% with a mean of 65.5%. Antioxidant activities of ORAC and PSC values ranged from 378.7 to 3386 mg of Trolox equivalents/100 g FW and from 14.2 to 557 mg of vitamin C equivalents/100 g FW, respectively. The inhibitions of cancer cell proliferation among the 24 grape cultivars tested ranged from 25 to 82% at the concentrations of 100 mg/mL grape extract. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activities and antiproliferative activities varied significantly among the cultivars studied. Wine grapes showed much higher levels of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities than table grapes. Similarly, colored grapes were higher than green yellow grapes. Significantly positive correlations were found among total phenolics, total flavonoids and total antioxidant activities. However, no significant correlations were found between total antioxidant activities and antiproliferative activities against HepG2 cell growth.