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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Canal Point, Florida » Sugarcane Field Station » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #279752
Title: Registration of ‘CP 04-1844’ Sugarcane

Author
item Glaz, Barry
item Edme, Serge
item DAVIDSON, R WAYNE - Florida Sugarcane League
item GILBERT, ROBERT - University Of Florida
item Glynn, Neil
item Zhao, Duli
item Comstock, Jack
item Sood, Sushma
item MILLER, JIMMY - Retired ARS Employee
item TAI, PETER Y.P. - Retired ARS Employee

Submitted to: Journal of Plant Registrations
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/18/2013
Publication Date: 5/15/2013
Citation: Glaz, B.S., Edme, S.J., Davidson, R., Gilbert, R.A., Glynn, N.C., Zhao, D., Comstock, J.C., Sood, S.G., Miller, J.D., Tai, P. 2013. Registration of ‘CP 04-1844’ Sugarcane. Journal of Plant Registrations. 7:1-8. DOI: 10.3198/jpr2012.10.0056crc.

Interpretive Summary: Sugarcane is grown on organic (muck) and sand soils in a region near Lake Okeechobee in south Florida. This region contributes about 25% of U.S. domestic sugar production. New cultivars are needed that yield well on both soil types and have acceptable profiles of disease resistance, but only rarely are such cultivars identified. New cultivars that produce well on the sand soils are particularly needed to help sustain profits on these soils. Experimental data of CP 04-1844 suggest that it will yield well in commercial sugarcane fields on sand soils. n sand soils at three locations, the three-crop mean cane yield of CP 04-1844 was 27% higher than that of CP 78-1628, the reference cultivar against which yields of CP 04-1844 were compared. The three-year mean value of sucrose content on sand soils of CP 04-1844 was 5% less than that of CP 78-1628. Its high cane yield and moderate sucrose content resulted in a sucrose per hectare yield and an economic index on sand soils that were 20 and 16%, respectively, higher for CP 04-1844 than for CP 78-1628. Cultivar resistance and tolerance are the major sources of sugarcane disease control in Florida, but they are challenging to identify and quantify, because plants are growing and therefore exposed to disease pressures all year. CP 04-1844 has shown adequate resistance for commercial production in Florida to eye spot, smut, brown rust, orange rust, sugarcane mosaic virus, and ratoon stunting. CP 04-1844 is susceptible to leaf scald and as are almost all sugarcane cultivars in Florida, to sugarcane yellow leaf virus. Through marker assisted selection, it was determined that CP 04-1844 has a gene that confers resistance to brown rust. The commercial release of CP 04-1844 makes available to Florida growers a cultivar that maintains high yields on sand soils in the presence of diseases. It is expected that CP 04-1844 will help to sustain sugarcane production on sand soils in Florida and help to continue providing the U.S. an affordable and stable sugar supply. Additionally, CP 04-1844 may be tested by farmers in Central America, who grow mostly Canal Point (CP) cultivars. CP 04-1844 was released in September 2011.

Technical Abstract: ‘CP 04-1844’ sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and was released to growers in Florida on 20 Sept. 2011. CP 04-1844 was selected from the cross X01-0336 (‘CP 97-1989’ X ‘CP 84-1591’) made at Canal Point, FL on 5 Dec. 2001. The female parent, CP 97-1989, was a high tonnage cultivar with low sucrose content released for sand soils in Florida in 2004, but was not grown extensively because it became susceptible to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow) soon after its release. The male parent, CP 84-1591, was also a high tonnage cultivar with low sucrose content and was released for sand soils in Florida in 1994. It peaked at about 1% of the commercial acreage in Florida. CP 04-1844 was tested in the final selection stage (Stage 4) on sand soils in Florida and was released for because of its high cane and sucrose yields and acceptable commercial recoverable sucrose (CRS) on these soils, as well as its resistance to brown rust, orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler), and smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea H. & P. Sydow); and its moderate resistance to Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic) and ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtsuhenko et al.) in Florida. CP 04-1844 is susceptible to leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson) and Sugarcane yellow leaf virus. CP 04-1844 had acceptable tolerance to freezes based on similar ranking in CRS deterioration with CP 72-2086, CP 78-1628, and CP 89-2143 after they and 17 other genotypes were exposed to 93 h of temperatures = -3° C between 10 Dec. 2010 and 27 Jan. 2011.