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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Aberdeen, Idaho » Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #287467
Title: Genetic diversity and crown rust resistance of oat landraces from various locations throughout Turkey

Author
item DUMLUPINAR, Z - Kahramanmaras Sutcu University
item JELLEN, E - Brigham Young University
item Bonman, John
item JACKSON, E - General Mills, Inc

Submitted to: Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/30/2015
Publication Date: 2/6/2016
Citation: Dumlupinar, Z., Jellen, E.N., Bonman, J.M., Jackson, E. 2016. Genetic diversity and crown rust resistance of oat landraces from various locations throughout Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 40:262-268.

Interpretive Summary: Landrace oats from Turkey represent a relatively unexploited source of genetic diversity for oat breeding. We studied the genetic relationships among a group of 375 oats originating in Turkey, a center of diversity for oats. These oats were from the USDA-ARS National Small Grains Collection and germplasm collections in other countries. Using newly developed molecular markers, several groups of accessions were identified and screened for crown rust resistance. Little high level crown rust resistance was found in seedling tests. Based on the molecular marker profiles, some evidence of duplication of accessions between collections was found. The geographic origin of accessions within Turkey correlated with marker results. Relative crown rust resistance also varied with geographic origin. This information should be useful when selecting Turkish oat accessions for further breeding and genetics research.

Technical Abstract: A diversity study was carried out to identify the origin of 375 oat landraces (Avena sativa L. and A. byzantina C. Koch.) collected from Turkey and maintained in various gene banks. New assays interrogating oat-based microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphism loci were used to characterize the landraces. The diversity analysis clustered the landraces into two major groups based on winter and spring growth habit. The first major cluster contained two apparent sub-groups, consisting of spring landraces from the East-Anatolian highlands and facultative landraces from various locations. The second major cluster contained three apparent sub-groups consisting of winter landraces from inner Anatolia, inner/western Anatolia, and coastal cities. As expected, a small portion of the landraces from identical gene pools could not be differentiated by the interrogated loci, suggesting they could be duplicated in the world collections. Crown rust evaluations with a single isolate endemic to most growing regions in North America suggested most of the lines did not contain major resistance genes. Of the landraces tested, only one (TL214) was considered resistant. Overall, this study has provided key genetic characterization of unique germplasm from the center of oat domestication, which will be useful to breeding programs in Turkey and abroad.