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ARS Home » Plains Area » College Station, Texas » Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center » Crop Germplasm Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #291258
Title: Molecular diversity among G. hirsutum accessions in the Gossypium Diversity Reference Set

Author
item Hinze, Lori
item Fang, David
item Gore, Michael
item Scheffler, Brian
item Yu, John
item Frelichowski, James - Jim
item Percy, Richard

Submitted to: National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/9/2013
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: A core set of 105 SSR markers were employed to develop accession profiles and analyze genetic relationships among 2,254 plant introductions of cotton (Gossypium spp.) including wild species, landraces, and adapted cultivars from around the world as represented in the US National Cotton Germplasm Collection. This group of plant introductions (accessions) is collectively known as the Gossypium Diversity Reference Set (GDRS). 1,540 G. hirsutum accessions are included in the GDRS. NTSYS software was used to generate a Jaccard similarity matrix of the GDRS accessions which was double-centered and used to calculate eigenvectors based on Principal Coordinate Analyses (PCoA). PCoA plots were used to show the molecular relationships among and within genomes, species, types of G. hirsutum, races of wild type G. hirsutum, and geographic distribution of races. The first two principal coordinate axes explain about 27% of molecular variation among accessions. When comparing Gossypium genomes, two distinct clusters can be discerned among AD genome accessions, a third distinct cluster composed of A genome accessions can be detected, and accessions of the remaining diploid genomes form a fourth intermixed but distinct cluster. When making comparisons among the AD tetraploid genome species, G. hirsutum and G. barbadense accessions form distinct clusters, while G. tomentosum and G. mustelinum accessions cluster together and remain distinct from G. hirsutum and G. barbadense accessions. Within the G. hirsutum and G. barbadense clusters are putative misclassified or introgressed accessions requiring confirmation. Wild type G. hirsutum accessions form a long loose cluster, assumed to be attributable to significant diversity, while cultivated accessions form a smaller, tighter group at the lower extreme of the G. hirsutum cluster. The majority of G. hirsutum wild types are "not classified" into races, and those that are classified do not form distinct clusters based on race. Following assignment of geographic origins to wild type accessions, there appear to be some correspondences between race and geographic origin. The structure of genetic diversity revealed in the PCoA tends to support the geographic distribution of races, but it does not show races to be distinct discrete entities.