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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Davis, California » Western Human Nutrition Research Center » Obesity and Metabolism Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #296017
Title: Effects of sugar-sweetened beverages on plasma acylation stimulating protein, leptin, and adiponectin: Relationships with metabolic outcomes

Author
item RESVANI, R - Laval University
item CIANFLONE, K - Laval University
item MCGAHAN, J - University Of California
item BERGLUND, L - University Of California
item BERMER, A - University Of California
item Keim, Nancy
item GRIFFEN, S - University Of California
item HAVEL, P - University Of California
item STANHOPE, K - University Of California

Submitted to: Obesity
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/30/2014
Publication Date: 3/20/2013
Citation: Resvani, R., Cianflone, K., Mcgahan, J.P., Berglund, L., Bermer, A.A., Keim, N.L., Griffen, S.C., Havel, P.J., Stanhope, K.L. 2013. Effects of sugar-sweetened beverages on plasma acylation stimulating protein, leptin, and adiponectin: Relationships with metabolic outcomes. Obesity. 10.1002.

Interpretive Summary: Acylation Stimulating Protein (ASP) is produced by the body’s fat cells, circulates in the blood, and is known to increase the formation of triglycerides in fat cells by stimulating the uptake of the fatty acid building blocks. Little is known about the effect of different dietary components on ASP in humans. In this study we compared circulating levels of ASP in response to consumption of beverages sweetened with glucose or fructose. We found that the ingestion of fructose, and to a lesser extent glucose, led to increases in plasma ASP, but only when the total calorie intake exceeded that required for maintaining body weight. This increase in ASP was related to increases in circulating triglyceride concentrations, measured in the evening after eating a standardized meal. Together these observations suggest that under conditions when circulating triglycerides increase, ASP production increases, thereby assisting with the removal of the triglycerides from the blood into the fat cells. Further investigation of these dietary effects on ASP is needed to better understand these relationships.

Technical Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The effects of fructose and glucose consumption on plasma acylation stimulating protein (ASP), adiponectin, and leptin concentrations relative to energy intake, body weight, adiposity, circulating triglycerides, and insulin sensitivity were determined. DESIGN AND METHODS: Thirty two overweight/obese adults consumed glucose- or fructose-sweetened beverages (25% energy requirement) with their ad libitum diets for 8 weeks, followed by sweetened beverage consumption for 2 weeks with a standardized, energy-balanced diet. Plasma variables were measured at baseline, 2, 8, and 10 weeks, and body adiposity and insulin sensitivity at baseline and 10 weeks. RESULTS: Fasting and postprandial ASP concentrations increased at 2 and/or 8 weeks. ASP increases correlated with changes in late-evening triglyceride concentrations. At 10 weeks, fasting adiponectin levels decreased in both groups, and decreases were inversely associated with baseline intra-abdominal fat volume. Sugar consumption increased fasting leptin concentrations; increases were associated with body weight changes. The 24-h leptin profiles increased during glucose consumption and decreased during fructose consumption. These changes correlated with changes of 24-h insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of fructose and glucose beverages induced changes in plasma concentrations of ASP, adiponectin, and leptin. Further study is required to determine if these changes contribute to the metabolic dysfunction observed during fructose consumption.