Commonality analysis and selection of parents for with-in boll yield components in Upland cotton

Authors: Zeng, Linghe; Bechere, Efrem; Boykin, Deborah

Submitted to: Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/24/2014
Publication Date: 5/18/2014
Citation: Zeng, L., Bechere, E., Boykin, D.L. 2014. Commonality analysis and selection of parents for with-in boll yield components in Upland cotton. Euphytica. 199:339-348.

Interpretive Summary: Increasing lint yield is critical for maintaining profitability of cotton growers. Yield is a complex trait because its main components are interrelated among themselves and highly affected by environmental factors. Breaking down of the main yield components to basic yield components may simplify interrelationships among yield components and help selection for increasing lint yield in cotton cultivars. Crosses were made between germplasm lines and cultivars in order to study genetics of the basic yield components. Four basic yield components including lint percentage, lint weight per seed, lint weight per unit seed surface area, and lint number per unit seed surface area were identified as most important for increasing lint yield. These four basic yield components can be used to select for high yielding cultivars. Cultivars of SG 747 and JJ 1145ne and germplasm line SP225 were good combiners for these basic yield components and can be used as parents in breeding for genetic improvement of lint yield.

Technical Abstract: Relationships between lint yield and within-boll yield components are important for genetic improvement of lint yield in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. F2 plants derived from crosses between germplasm lines and high yielding cultivars were analyzed to determine the contributions of within-boll yield components to lint yield and to select parents with desirable combining ability for multiple within-boll yield components. Forty-five F2 hybrids were planted at two field sites in 2010 and 2011 with 4 and 3 replicates, respectively. There were a total of six yield components analyzed including lint percentage (LP), seed number per boll (SN_B), lint weight per seed (LW_S), seed surface area per seed (SA_S), lint weight per unit seed surface area (LW_SA), and lint number per unit seed surface area (LN_SA). The contributions of these yield components to lint yield were analyzed by commonality analysis that separated the contributions to lint yield into the unique contributions of single yield components and the common contributions of the single yield components with one or more other yield components. The unique contributions of the six yield components to lint yield ranged from 1.6 to 21% of total variation for lint yield in the two-year experiments. The greatest common contributions to lint yield among all combinations of the six yield components were identified for a combination of four components, LP, LW_S, LW_SA, and LN_SA with 67% and 44% of the total variation of lint yield in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Results suggest that all four of these yield components should be considered simultaneously in breeding for genetic improvement of lint yield. The germplasm line SP225 was detected as a good combiner with positive general combining ability (GCA) for LP (1.4%), LW_SA (0.03 mg mm-2), and LN_SA (14.3 no mm-2), and favorable GCA for fineness (-3.1 mg/km).