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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Peoria, Illinois » National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research » Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #304313
Title: Effects of elevated [CO2] on maize defense against mycotoxigenic Fusarium verticillioides

Author
item Vaughan, Martha
item Huffaker, Alisa
item Schmelz, Eric
item Dafoe, Nicole
item Christensen, Shawn
item Sims, James
item MARTINS, VITOR - University Of Florida
item SWERBILOW, JAY - University Of Florida
item Romero, Maritza
item Alborn, Hans
item ALLEN, LEON - Retired ARS Employee
item Teal, Peter

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/10/2014
Publication Date: 7/10/2014
Citation: Vaughan, M.M., Huffaker, A., Schmelz, E.A., Dafoe, N.J., Christensen, S.A., Sims, J.W., Martins, V.F., Swerbilow, J., Romero, M.I., Alborn, H.T., Allen, L.H., Teal, P.E. 2014. Effects of elevated [CO2] on maize defense against mycotoxigenic Fusarium verticillioides [abstract].

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Maize is by quantity the most important C4 cereal crop; however, future climate changes are expected to increase maize susceptibility to mycotoxigenic fungal pathogens and reduce productivity. While rising atmospheric [CO2] is a driving force behind the warmer temperatures and drought, which aggravate fungal disease and mycotoxin accumulation, our understanding of how elevated [CO2] will effect maize defenses against such pathogens is limited. Here we report that elevated [CO2] increases maize susceptibility to Fusarium verticillioides proliferation but mycotoxin levels are unaltered. Fumonisin production is not proportional to the increase in F. verticillioides biomass, and the amount of fumonisin produced per unit pathogen is reduced at elevated [CO2]. Following F. verticillioides stalk inoculation, the accumulation of sugars, free fatty acids, lipoxygenase (LOX) transcripts, phytohormones and downstream phytoalexins is dampened in maize grown at elevated [CO2]. The attenuation of maize 13-LOXs and jasmonic acid (JA) production correlates with reduced terpenoid phytoalexins and increased susceptibility. Furthermore, the attenuated induction of 9-LOXs, which have been suggested to stimulate mycotoxin biosynthesis, is consistent with reduced fumonisin per unit fungal biomass at elevated [CO2]. Our findings suggest that elevated [CO2] will compromise maize LOX-dependent signaling which will influence the interactions between maize and mycotoxigenic fungi.