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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Cereal Crops Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #306726
Title: Novel starch based nano scale enteric coatings from soybean meal for colon-specific delivery

Author
item SIVAPRAGASAM, NILUSHNI - North Dakota State University
item THAVARAJAH, PUSHPARAJAH - North Dakota State University
item Ohm, Jae-Bom
item KHAITSA, MARGARET - North Dakota State University
item THAVARAJAH, DIL - North Dakota State University

Submitted to: Carbohydrate Polymers
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/23/2014
Publication Date: 5/2/2014
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/58972
Citation: Sivapragasam, N., Thavarajah, P., Ohm, J.-B., Khaitsa, M., Thavarajah, D. 2014. Novel starch based nano scale enteric coatings from soybean meal for colon-specific delivery. Carbohydrate Polymers. 111:273-279.

Interpretive Summary: Some nutrients and drugs cannot be delivered to the colon due to digestive action in human. Nanoparticles are ultrafine particles of size less than 100 nm in diameter. We investigated whether nanoparticles produced from soybean meal might be potential coating materials to carry nutrients and drugs to the large intestine in human. Resistant starch that was resistant to digestion in the small intestine of healthy human was isolated from soybean meal and used to produce nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were in 40 +/- 33.2 nm ranges. These nanoparticles were stable under simulated human digestion conditions. The degrees of digestion in both stomach and intestinal conditions were less than 30%. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were less susceptible to digestive enzymes showing digestion rate of 20%, which was also evidenced by the intact starch granule structure, the co-existence of B- type crystalline pattern. The nanoparticles were also tested if they might be decomposed by Bifidobacterium brevis and Lactobacillus casei that have been known to inhabit mainly in the large intestine, having beneficial effect on human health. Both species showed an increase in growth and activity, while producing short chain fatty acids: acetate, propionate, and butyrates in varying amounts. Overall this study clearly demonstrated that the novel nanoparticles produced from soybean meal can be used for colon-specific delivery of bioactive compounds such as drugs and nutrients.

Technical Abstract: Soybean meal was used to isolate resistant starch and produce nanoparticles, which could be potential coating materials for colonic nutrient and drug deliveries. The nanoparticles were in 40 +/- 33.2 nm ranges. These nanoparticles were stable under simulated human physiological conditions. The degrees of dissolution in both stomach and intestinal conditions were less than 30%. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were less susceptible to pancreatic enzymatic digestion (20%), which was also evidenced by the co-existence of B- type crystalline pattern. In addition to the dissolution and digestion studies in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the nanoparticles were subjected to in vitro fermentation by Bifidobacterium brevis and Lactobacillus casei. Both species showed an increase in growth and activity, while producing short chain fatty acids: acetate, propionate, and butyrates in varying amounts. Overall this study clearly demonstrated a novel method that can be used for colon-specific delivery of bioactive compounds such as drugs and nutrients.