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Title: High genome heterozygosity and endemic genetic recombination in the wheat stripe rust fungus

Author
item ZHEN, W. - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item HUANG, LILI - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item HUANG, JINQUN - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item WANG, XIAOJIE - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item Chen, Xianming
item ZHAO, JIE - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item GUO, JUN - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item ZHUANG, HUA - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item QIU, CHUANGZHAO - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item LIU, JIE - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item LIU, HUIQUAN - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item HUANG, XUELING - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item PEI, GUOLIANG - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item ZHAN, GANGMING - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item TANG, CHUNLEI - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item CHENG, YULIN - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item LIU, MINJIE - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item ZHANG, JINSHAN - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item ZHAO, ZHONGTAO - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item ZHANG, SHIJIE - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item HAN, QINGMEI - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item HAN, DEJUN - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item ZHANG, HONGZHANG - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item ZHAO, JING - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item GAO, XIAONING - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item WANG, JIANFENG - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item NI, PEIXIANG - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item DONG, WEI - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item YANG, LINFENG - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item YANG, HUANMING - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item XU, JINRONG - Purdue University
item ZHANG, GENGYUN - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University
item KANG, ZHENSHEN - Northwest Agriculture And Forestry University

Submitted to: Nature Communications
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/26/2013
Publication Date: 10/23/2013
Citation: 2013. High genome heterozygosity and endemic genetic recombination in the wheat stripe rust fungus. Nature Communications. 4:2673 (1-10).

Interpretive Summary: Stripe rust is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. Here we report a 110-Mb draft sequence of stripe rust pathogen isolate CY32, obtained using a ‘fosmid-to-fosmid’ strategy, to better understand its race evolution and pathogenesis. The fungal pathogen genome is highly heterozygous and contains 25,288 protein-coding genes. Compared with non-obligate fungal pathogens, the pathogen has a more diverse gene composition and more genes encoding secreted proteins. Re-sequencing analysis indicates significant genetic variation among six isolates collected from different continents. Approximately 35% of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are in the coding sequence regions, and half of them are non-synonymous. High genetic diversity in the pathogen suggests that sexual reproduction may have a role in the origin of different regional races. Our results show the effectiveness of the ‘fosmid-to-fosmid’ strategy for sequencing dikaryotic genomes and the feasibility of genome analysis to understand race evolution in the stripe rust pathogen and other obligate pathogens.

Technical Abstract: Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. Here we report a 110-Mb draft sequence of Pst isolate CY32, obtained using a ‘fosmid-to-fosmid’ strategy, to better understand its race evolution and pathogenesis. The Pst genome is highly heterozygous and contains 25,288 protein-coding genes. Compared with non-obligate fungal pathogens, Pst has a more diverse gene composition and more genes encoding secreted proteins. Re-sequencing analysis indicates significant genetic variation among six isolates collected from different continents. Approximately 35% of SNPs are in the coding sequence regions, and half of them are non-synonymous. High genetic diversity in Pst suggests that sexual reproduction has an important role in the origin of different regional races. Our results show the effectiveness of the ‘fosmid-to-fosmid’ strategy for sequencing dikaryotic genomes and the feasibility of genome analysis to understand race evolution in Pst and other obligate pathogens.