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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Ames, Iowa » National Laboratory for Agriculture and The Environment » Agroecosystems Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #311225
Title: Energy content of select dietary supplemental lipids for broilers, turkeys, and laying hens

Author
item MURUGESAN, GANAPATHI - Iowa State University
item Kerr, Brian
item PERSIA, MIKE - Iowa State University

Submitted to: Journal of Applied Poultry Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/14/2017
Publication Date: 11/6/2017
Publication URL: https://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/6592652
Citation: Murugesan, G., Kerr, B.J., Persia, M. 2017. Energy content of select dietary supplemental lipids for broilers, turkeys, and laying hens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 26:536-547.

Interpretive Summary: Dietary energy is one of the greatest costs of balancing poultry diets, with lipids an important part of balancing diets for energy because of their high energy concentration. Lipids may also improve diet palatability, supply fat soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids, and reduce feed dust. There is some disagreement, however, on the appropriate metabolizable energy values of lipids utilized in poultry feed formulation, especially with some of the crude lipids that are obtained from corn and soybean processing facilities and from the restaurant industry. The results obtained in these experiments show that metabolizable energy values obtained in broilers, laying hens, and turkeys were highly variable, but indicate that the composition of lipids may be used to predict apparent metabolizable energy content in each species. Research results described in this report provides nutritionists at universities, feed companies, allied industries, and poultry production facilities data on the caloric value of various feed lipids for use in poultry diets.

Technical Abstract: Three experiments with broilers (15 d of age), turkeys (15 d of age), and laying hens (60 wk of age) were conducted to determine the AMEn content of 10 lipids with varying fatty acid and free fatty acid concentrations, and to determine if the composition of these lipids could be used to develop prediction equations for AMEn in each species. A corn-soybean meal (broilers and turkeys) or corn-soybean meal-distillers dried grains with solubles (layers) control diet was formulated with test diets created by mixing the control diet with 0, 3, 6, or 9% (broilers and turkeys) or 0, 2, 4, and 6% (laying hens) lipid. Experimental diets were fed over a 5-d acclimation period followed by a 48 h total excretion collection period. The AMEn of the diets was calculated based upon the GE, N, and titanium dioxide in the feed and excreta samples. The pen-mean AMEn of each diet was regressed on percentage lipid inclusion level using linear regression with the slope of the line representing the AMEn of each lipid source. As expected, the AMEn values varied widely among lipid sources and species. Stepwise regression analysis was used to determine if lipid composition could be utilized to predict AMEn. For broilers in Exp. 1, stearic acid (C18:0) and moisture were retained in the final model where AMEn, kcal/kg = 16,479 – (211.8 × C18:0, % of FA) + (3,718 × moisture, %); SE = 645, R2 = 0.78. For turkeys in Exp. 2, palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1), and unsaponifiables were retained in the final model where AMEn, kcal/kg = 12,703 + (156.3 × C16:0, % of FA) – (203.7 × C18:1, % of FA) – (248 × unsaponifiables, %); SE = 555, R2 = 0.80. For layers in Exp. 3, myristic acid (C14:0) and oxidative stability index (OSI) were retained in the final model where AMEn, kcal/kg = 6,701 – (903.2 × C14:0, % of FA) + (158 × OSI, h); SE = 816, R2 = 0.71. These results indicate that the composition of lipids may be used to predict AMEn in broilers, turkeys, and laying hens.