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Title: Discovery and structure activity relationships of 2-pyrazolines derived from chalcones from a pest management perspective

Author
item KAYMAKCIOGLU, BEDIA - Marmara Research Center
item BEYHAN, NAGIHAN - Marmara Research Center
item TABANCA, NURHAYAT - University Of Mississippi
item ALI, ABBAS - University Of Mississippi
item Wedge, David
item Duke, Stephen
item Bernier, Ulrich
item KHAN, IKHLAS - University Of Mississippi

Submitted to: Medicinal Chemistry Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/11/2015
Publication Date: 7/18/2015
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/62228
Citation: Kaymakcioglu, B.K., Beyhan, N., Tabanca, N., Ali, A., Wedge, D.E., Duke, S.O., Bernier, U.R., Khan, I.A. 2015. Discovery and structure activity relationships of 2-pyrazolines derived from chalcones from a pest management perspective. Medicinal Chemistry Research. 24:3632-3644.

Interpretive Summary: In this study, a series of chalcone and 2-pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized and screened for their potential pesticide activities. Among the total of 25 tested compounds, three compounds had a Biting Deterrence Index values of 0.85, 0.83, and 0.8, respectively, at 25 nmol/cm2 showed the highest biting deterrent activity against Aedes aegypti, which was lower than the reference compound (DEET) and one compound was toxic against 1-day old Ae. aegypti larvae. Three other compounds showed growth inhibition against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (97.6% and 98.5%, respectively) at the lowest dose (0.3 'M), which was greater antifungal activity than with standard commercial fungicides captan and azoxystrobin. The active fungicidal compounds were weaky phytotoxic, with little or no phytotoxicity at concentrations that were fungitoxic. However, one compound stimulated growth of Lemma paucicostata at concentrations that were fungitoxic to several plant pathogens.

Technical Abstract: Synthesis of chalcones and 2-pyrazoline derivatives has been an active field of research due to the established pharmacological effects of these compounds. In this study, a series of chalcone (1a-i), 2-pyrazoline-1-carbothioamides (2a-i) and 2-pyrazoline-1-carboxamide derivatives (3a-g) were synthesized and screened for their potential pesticide activities. The proposed structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed using the elemental analysis, UV, IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectroscopy. Among the total of 25 tested compounds, compounds 1g and 2a and 2e with Biting Deterrence Index (BDI) values of 0.85, 0.83, and 0.8, respectively, at 25 nmol/cm2 showed the highest biting deterrent activity against Aedes aegypti, which was lower than the reference compound N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). However, compounds 1g, 2a and 2e were not active in human-based repellent bioassays at the concentrations of 0.375, 0.094 and 0.375 mg/cm2, respectively. Compound 1e was the most toxic compound (LC50 = 2.58 ppm), followed by 1f (LC50 = 5.69 ppm) and 2g (LC50 = 15.14 ppm), against 1-day old Ae. aegypti larvae. Compounds 1f and 2h 1f and 2h showed the greatest growth inhibition against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (97.6% and 98.5%, respectively) at the lowest dose (0.3 'M), which was greater antifungal activity than with standard commercial fungicides captan and azoxystrobin. Compounds 2d, 2g and 2h produced 79.5%, 98.3% and 82.3% growth inhibition, respectively, at 30.0 µM against Botrytis cinerea, which was similar to captan in the antifungal activity. The active fungicidal compounds (2d, 2g, and 2h) were weaky phytotoxic, with little or no phytotoxicity at concentrations that were fungitoxic. Compound 2h stimulated growth of Lemma paucicostata at concentrations that are fungitoxic to several plant pathogens.