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Title: Antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities of diterpenoids isolated from the roots of Salvia deserta

Author
item BUFALO, JENNIFER - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
item Cantrell, Charles
item JACOB, MELISSA - University Of Mississippi
item Schrader, Kevin
item TEKWANI, BABU - University Of Mississippi
item KUSTOVA, TATYANA - Institute Of Plant Biology And Biotechnology
item ALI, ABBAS - University Of Mississippi
item BOARO, CARMEN - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Submitted to: Planta Medica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/19/2015
Publication Date: 8/26/2015
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/62251
Citation: Bufalo, J., Cantrell, C.L., Jacob, M.R., Schrader, K.K., Tekwani, B.L., Kustova, T.S., Ali, A., Boaro, C.S.F. Antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities of diterpenoids isolated from the roots of Salvia deserta. Planta Medica. 2016;82:131-137.

Interpretive Summary: The genus Salvia is the main genus of the family Lamiaceae with 900 species spread throughout the world. Salvia species have been used as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiplasmodial and insecticidal agents. S. deserta has few literature reports on its chemical constituents and no studies have examined the plant’s antibacterial and antileishmanial activities. A total of 4 diterpenes with biological activity were isolated from S. deserta roots: taxodione, ferruginol, 7-O-acetylhorminone and horminone. Taxodione was considered leishmanicidal, with IC50 value of 0.46 µg/mL against Leishimania donovani and also exhibited antifungal and antimicrobial activities. Ferruginol displayed the greatest activity (24-h IC50 1.29 mg/L) against the fish pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus iniae. This study justifies the use of S. deserta roots as a good source of diterpenoids with biological activities and the potential possibilities for the development of novel antipesticidal compounds from this plant.

Technical Abstract: Four diterpenes with biological activity were isolated from Salvia deserta roots. Taxodione was considered leishmanicidal, with IC50 value of 0.46 µg/mL against Leishimania donovani and also exhibited antifungal and antimicrobial activities. Ferruginol displayed the greatest activity (24-h IC50 1.29 mg/L) against the fish pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus iniae. The crude extract fraction which contained the isolated compounds 7-O-acetylhorminone and horminone showed stronger in vitro antibacterial activity (1.28 µg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and 1.12 µg/mL for methicillin-resistant S. aureus - MRSA) than the compounds tested alone. 7-O-Acetylhorminone and horminone exhibited a synergistic effect against MRSA (FIC 0.2 µg/mL), and horminone had better activity against S. aureus with respect to other compounds isolated from S. deserta roots. In larvicidal bioassays, these extracts and isolated pure compounds did not show any activity at the highest dose of 125 ppm against 1-d-old Aedes. aegypti larvae.