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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #315884
Title: Development and evaluation of peanut germplasm with resistance to Aspergillus flavus from core collection

Author
item JIANG, HUI-FANG - Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
item REN, XIAO-PING - Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
item WANG, SHENGE-YU - Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
item ZHANG, XIAO-JIE - Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
item HUANG, JIA-QUAN - Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
item LIAO, BO-SHOU - Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley
item UPADHYAYA, H - International Crops Research Institute For Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - India

Submitted to: Acta Agronomica Sinica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/20/2010
Publication Date: 12/15/2010
Citation: Jiang, H., Ren, X., Wang, S., Zhang, X., Huang, J., Liao, B., Holbrook Jr, C.C., Upadhyaya, H.D. 2010. Development and evaluation of peanut germplasm with resistance to Aspergillus flavus from core collection. Acta Agronomica Sinica. 36:428-434.

Interpretive Summary: Throughout the world, aflatoxin contamination is a serious food and feed safety issue. Development of peanut cultivars with resistance to aflatoxin contamination depends on identification of genetic variation for resistance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Chinese peanut core collection and the ICRISAT peanut mini core collection for resistance to Aspergillus flavus contamination and aflatoxin production. Resistant accessions were identified. The percentage of accessions with resistance was greater in the ICRISAT collection than the Chinese collection. There was also a greater percentage of accessions with resistance in the botanical varieties hypogaea and hirsuta than the other botanical varieties. These results have provided parents that can be used in breeding programs to develop peanut varieties with improved resistance to aflatoxin contamination.

Technical Abstract: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), one of the main oil and cash crops in the world, is susceptible to Aspergillus flavus, resulting in loss in quality. Aspergillus flavus infection is a problem for peanut production and industry in China. Therefore, it is imperative to develop new peanut germplasm with resistance to Aspergillus flavus in breeding programs. The core collection is well accepted as a useful way to improve the efficiency of crop germplasm evaluation and utilization, which contains a subset of accessions from the entire collection that covers the most available genetic information. In the present study, a total of 561 accessions of Chinese peanut core collection and 155 accessions of the ICRISAT mini core collection were evaluated. Eight varieties with resistance to Aspergillus flavus invasions and aflatoxin production were identified, including one (51002-6) with elite agronomic traits. The peanut germplasm with resistance to Aspergillus flavus invasions and aflatoxin production in ICRISAT mini core were more than those in the Chinese peanut core collection. In addition, the percentage of accessions with resistance to Aspergillus flavus invasion in var. hypogaea, and accessions resistant to aflatoxin production in var. hirsuta were relatively high in comparison with others. Genetic diversity in the resistant peanut selections was evaluated based on morphological traits and SSR approach. ICG 12625 with resistance to aflatoxin production and ICG 4750 with resistance to aflatoxin invasion were evaluated by SSR approach, the genetic distance of them with high-yielding cultivars such as Zhonghua 5, Zhonghua 6, Shonghua 12, and Yuanza 9102 was larger. The primers were designed based on the conserved NBS-LRR domains of the disease resistance genes sequence, one RGA (resistance gene analog) from genomic DNA of six different peanuts with resistance to Aspergillus flavus was obtained through PCR.