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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Stoneville, Mississippi » Crop Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #315958
Title: Disease incidence of charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) on soybean in north-western Argentina and genetic characteristics of the pathogen

Author
item REZNIKOV, LIC. - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)
item VELLICCE, GABRIEL - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)
item Mengistu, Alemu
item Arias De Ares, Renee
item GONZALEZ, VICTORIA - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)
item DE LISI, VICENTE - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)
item GARCIA, MARIA - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)
item ROCHA, CARLA - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)
item PARDO, MARIANO - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)
item CASTAGNARO, ATILO - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)
item PLOPER, DANIEL - Estacion Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)

Submitted to: Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/25/2018
Publication Date: 7/9/2018
Citation: Reznikov, L.S., Vellicce, G.R., Mengistu, A., Arias De Ares, R.S., Gonzalez, V., De Lisi, V., Garcia, M.G., Rocha, C., Pardo, M., Castagnaro, A.P., Ploper, D. 2018. Disease incidence of charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) on soybean in north-western Argentina and genetic characteristics of the pathogen. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. 40(3):423-433. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2018.1484390.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2018.1484390

Interpretive Summary: Charcoal rot of soybean is an economically important disease around the world. The objective of this research was to determine the morphology, biology, virulence and genetic characteristics of the fungus collected from northwestern Argentina. Each year from 2008 through 2011, about 1% of the plants in this region had the disease. The proportion of plants with the disease increased to 5 to 30% in 2011-2012 with the maximum disease in 2012-2013 (90%). Thirty one isolates of the fungus were obtained from soybean and other hosts and morphologic and molecular characterization were performed using two genetic markers. Isolates segregated into the same three groups based on variation at the molecular level, regardless of which marker was used. No clear associations were observed among geographic origin, year of collection and/or host origin with marker profiles. Disease under controlled and field conditions revealed no differences among isolates on the soybean genotypes NA8000RG, DT97-4290 or DM 6.2. Thus, no relationship between genetic profile and disease level was detected.

Technical Abstract: Charcoal rot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., is an economically important disease in different countries of North and South America, Asia, Australia, Africa, and Europe. From 2008-2013, incidence and severity of charcoal rot was detected in soybean fields of northwestern Argentina. The objective of the present work was to determine the morphology, biology, virulence and genetic characteristics of M. phaseolina isolates collected from this production region of Argentina. Disease incidence from 2008 through 2011 was low (1%) while it gradually increased to a level of 5 to 30% in 2011-2012 with the maximum disease incidence of 90% in 2012-2013 in General Mosconi (Salta). Thirty one isolates of M. phaseolina were obtained from soybean and other hosts and morphologic and molecular characterization were performed by AFLP and SSR markers. A total of 667 bands were amplified with 16 pairs of AFLP primers; 89.81% of them were polymorphic. Using 28 SSR markers a total of 172 amplicons were observed, 93.02% were polymorphic. Single link dendrograms based on Jaccard’s coefficient were obtained. Independently of the marker used (AFLP or SSR), three main groups were observed, each group formed, mostly, by the same isolates. No clear associations were observed among geographical, year of collection and/or host origin with AFLP or SSR profiles. Disease severity under controlled and field conditions revealed no differences among isolates on the soybean genotypes NA8000RG, DT 97-4290 or DM 6.2. Thus, no relationship between genetic profile and disease severity level was detected.