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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Protection and Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #316694
Title: Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from China, India and USA

Author
item WANG, H - University Of Georgia
item KHERA, P - University Of Georgia
item CULBREATH, A - University Of Georgia
item HUANG, B - Henan Agricultural University
item ZHANG, X - Henan Agricultural University
item KATAM, R - Florida A & M University
item Harris-Shultz, Karen
item MOORE, K - Agresearch Consultants
item VARSHNEY, R - International Crops Research Institute For Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - India
item XIE, L - Fujian Agricultural & Forestry University
item Guo, Baozhu

Submitted to: Crops
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/13/2015
Publication Date: 5/17/2015
Citation: Wang, H., Khera, P., Culbreath, A., Huang, B., Zhang, X., Katam, R., Harris-Shultz, K.R., Moore, K., Varshney, R., Xie, L., Guo, B. 2015. Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from China, India and USA. Meeting Abstract. CROPS 2015 Meeting, May 18-21, 2015, Huntsville, Alabama.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is grown throughout the world as a source of oil and protein. A broad genetic base is needed for the genetic improvement of cultivars with quality traits through breeding. In this study, a total of 111 SSR markers with high polymorphic information content (PIC)were selected from different sources to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of 79 peanut cultivars and breeding lines from different breeding programs in China, India and the United States (US). A total of 472 alleles were detected with an average of 4.25 alleles per locus. The mean values of gene diversity and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 0.480 and 0.429, respectively. Furthermore, country analysis revealed that alleles per locus in three different countries were similar. The mean gene diversity in the U.S., China and India peanut lines was 0.363, 0.489 and 0.47, respectively, whereas the average PIC values were 0.323, 0.43 and 0.412, respectively. The genetic diversity of the lines from Asia (China and India) was higher than that of the U.S. lines, while within a country the genetic diversity of peanut lines from HAAS in China was the highest. A model-based structure analysis divided these peanut lines into five subpopulations (P1, P2a, P2b, P2c and P2e), which was basically consistent to the dendrogram based on genetic distance (G1, G2a, G2b, G2c, G2d and G2e) and the clustering using principal component analysis based on genetic similarity. The structuring was basically related to the geographic origin with a few admixtures, and had a correlation with the peanut market types. The results generated in this study could be used for designing effective breeding programs to broaden the genetic base and to facilitate the process of developing peanut cultivars. The 111 SSR markers used in this study are effective and useful for analyzing genetic diversity, and could be used for the correlative molecular genetics and breeding studies in cultivated peanut.