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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Beltsville, Maryland (BARC) » Beltsville Agricultural Research Center » Animal Biosciences & Biotechnology Laboratory » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #323035
Title: Comparing immune and anti-oxidant effects of selenium sources by in ovo treatment on post-hatch experimental avian necrotic enteritis

Author
item LEE, SUNG - Korean Rural Development Administration
item Lillehoj, Hyun
item JANG, SEUNG - US Department Of Agriculture (USDA)
item LEE, KYUNG WOO - Konkuk University
item KIM, DUK - Konkuk University
item HONG, YEONG - Chung-Ang University
item KIM, JUNG - Rural Development Administration - Korea
item CHOE, JEONG-SOOK - Rural Development Administration - Korea
item BRAVO, DAVID - Pancosma Sa

Submitted to: World's Poultry Science Journal
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/23/2016
Publication Date: 6/7/2016
Citation: Lee, S.H., Lillehoj, H.S., Jang, S.I., Lee, K., Kim, D.K., Hong, Y.H., Kim, J.B., Choe, J., Bravo, D.M. 2016. Comparing immune and anti-oxidant effects of selenium sources by in ovo treatment on post-hatch experimental avian necrotic enteritis. World's Poultry Science Journal. 4(7): 420-427.

Interpretive Summary: There is increasing efforts to reduce the use of antibiotics in poultry production. Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a major gut illness which affects poultry industry worldwide. In this study, ARS scientists studies how dietary nutrition such as selenium (Se) can be used to reduce the negative effects of NE. In this study, three different forms of Se were compared with respect to their efficacy on enhancing host immune response in NE-infected young broiler chickens. The results showed that a certain Se supplementation has a protective effect against NE disease. Further studies to clarify the role of Se in enhancing protective immunity to NE infection will lead to nutritional modulation of immune response against Clostridium infection.

Technical Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of in ovo injection of selenium (Se) from 3 different sources on modulating the immune and antioxidant responses in broiler chickens in experimental necrotic enteritis (NE). SE contents of Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3 [SS]), Se-enriched yeast (YS), and hydrolyzed soybean protein (B-Taxim [BS]) were 46, 0.2 and 1.1%. respectively. Broiler eggs were injected at 18 days of embryo age with either 100 µl of PBS alone (CS), SS, YS, or BS in PBS, which contained 20 µg Se source/egg. PBS-treated, uninfected chickens were designated as the uninfected control group while the remaining chickens (infected CS, SS, YS, or BS) were orally infected with 1.0 × 104 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria maxima at day 14 post-hatch and then 1.0 × 109 colony forming units of Clostridium perfringens at day 18 post-hatch per our established avian NE model. The infected control CS group showed significantly decreased body weight compared with the uninfected control. However, the BS group showed significantly increased body weight and significantly lower oocyst output compared with the CS group. Se-treated groups showed less serum a-toxin and NetB-toxin levels, with BS group showing significantly higher serum antibody levels against these toxins when compared with the CS group. Finally, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and two antioxidant-related enzyme activities were significantly increased in the NE-infected CS compared with the uninfected control CS group. The MDA level was decreased in both SS and BS groups compared with the CS group. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were decreased in the all Se-treated groups compared with the CS group. These results suggest that the injection of Se into the amniotic cavity of developing eggs may enhance their immune and antioxidant potential post hatch. BS showed, in general, higher protective effects against NE than other Se sources.