Current SWD IPM tactics and their practical implementation in fruit crops across different regions around the world

Authors: HAYE, TIM - Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau International (CABI) - Switzerland; GIROD, PIERRE - Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau International (CABI) - Switzerland; CUTHBERTSON, ANDREW - Food And Environmental Research Agency; WANG, XINGENG - University Of California; DAANE, KENT - University Of California; Hoelmer, Kim; BAROFFIO, CATHERINE - Agroscope; ZHANG, JINPING - Centre For Agriculture & Biosciences International (CABI); DESNEUX, NICOLAS - French National Institute For Agricultural Research

Submitted to: Journal of Pest Science
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/31/2016
Publication Date: 2/8/2016
Citation: Haye, T., Girod, P., Cuthbertson, A., Wang, X., Daane, K.M., Hoelmer, K.A., Baroffio, C., Zhang, J., Desneux, N. 2016. Current SWD IPM tactics and their practical implementation in fruit crops across different regions around the world. Journal of Pest Science. 89:643-651.

Interpretive Summary: Since its arrival in 2008 the spotted wing drosophila (SWD) has emerged as a harmful invasive insect pest in North America and Europe. This highly polyphagous fly is a major threat to many important high value fruit crops including cherries and small berries, but also infests many natural host plants. In Asia, Europe and North America current controls for SWD rely primarily on the application of insecticides, although cultural management tactics such as sanitation and the use of netting are good alternatives in some crops. In this manuscript, we review options for management and control of SWD, including biological control measures. Conservation of native natural enemies in invaded areas, introduction of specialized Asian natural enemies for classical biological control, and mass-reared natural enemies, are currently being investigated and will become important management tools in the near future for area-wide control of SWD.

Technical Abstract: Since its first detection in 2008, the spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii, has emerged as an important invasive insect pest in North America and Europe. The highly polyphagous fly is a major threat to many economically important small fruit crops including cherries and berries. It is also known to develop on fruit of a wide variety of wild host plants which ensures a large reservoir population. In Asia, Europe and North America different control measures are under evaluation for use against SWD, including chemical, behavioral, biological, and cultural control. Current management relies primarily on the application of insecticides, but cultural tactics such as mass trapping, crop sanitation and the use of exclusion nets are a promising alternative in some crops. Biological control measures, such as conservation of existing natural enemies in invaded areas, introduction of specialized larval parasitoids from Asia for classical biological control, and the use of indigenous parasitoids for augmentative control, are currently being investigated and are expected to become important management tools in the near future for area-wide control of SWD. Classical biological control is the only effective means of reducing wild populations in unmanaged habitats. In North America and Europe, native parasitoids of other drosophila species are unable to develop in SWD due to its physiological resistance to parasitism, whereas Asian parasitoids are likely to be better adapted. Effective control of SWD in invaded areas will require an area wide approach.