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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Athens, Georgia » U.S. National Poultry Research Center » Exotic & Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #330343
Title: Development of vaccines for poultry against H5 avian influenza based on turkey herpesvirus vector

Author
item YASUDA, ATSUSHI - Ceva Animal Health
item ESAKI, MOTOYUKI - Ceva Animal Health
item DORSEY, KRISTI - Ceva Animal Health
item PENZES, ZOLTAN - Ceva Animal Health
item PALYA, VILMOS - Ceva Animal Health
item Kapczynski, Darrell
item GARDIN, YANNICK - Ceva Animal Health

Submitted to: Book Chapter
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/21/2016
Publication Date: 10/26/2016
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/5801869
Citation: Yasuda, A., Esaki, M., Dorsey, K., Penzes, Palya, V., Kapczynski, D.R., Gardin, Y. 2016. Development of vaccines for poultry against H5 avian influenza based on turkey herpesvirus vector. In: Baddour, M. M. editor. Steps Forward in Diagnosing and Controlling Influenza. Princeton, NJ: InTech. p.161-177. doi:10.5772/64348.

Interpretive Summary: Vaccination is an important tool in the protection of poultry against avian influenza (AI). For field use, the overwhelming majority of AI vaccines produced are inactivated whole virus formulated into an oil emulsion. However, recombinant vectored vaccines are gaining use for their ability to induce protection against heterologous isolates and ability to overcome maternal antibody interference. Because of the constant threat of AI virus to U.S. poultry, there is renewed interest in providing vaccine options to the poultry industry. In this work, we produce a recombinant turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vector vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin gene of AI virus H5 subtype and tested its effectiveness in chickens and turkeys. Overall, the vaccine provided good protection against homologous and heterologous AI virus challenge. In this review we highlight the benefits of this type of vaccine for use in poultry.

Technical Abstract: Avian influenza (AI) remains a major threat to public health as well as to the poultry industry. AI vaccines are considered a suitable tool to support AI control programs in combination with other control measures such as good biosecurity and monitoring programs. We constructed recombinant turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vector vaccines expressing the hemagglutinin gene of AI virus H5 subtype (rHVT-H5) and evaluated their characteristics and efficacy against AI. We found that the cytomegalovirus promoter is the most suitable for expression of the hemagglutinin gene among three promoters we evaluated. The rHVT-H5 vaccine did not cause any adverse reactions and did not revert to virulence after passages in chickens. Finally, efficacy of the rHVT-H5 vaccine was evaluated. We demonstrated that it provided protection against diverse AI H5 viruses belonging to different clades and reduced virus shedding from the challenged chickens. We also proved that efficacy provided by the rHVT-H5 vaccine was not significantly affected by presence of maternally derived antibodies against AI virus. Furthermore, the rHVT-H5 vaccine could be applicable to the DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) strategy. In summary, we successfully developed a HVT vector AI vaccine that possesses features that could be beneficial to AI control.