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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Logan, Utah » Poisonous Plant Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #332742
Title: Intoxicação experimental por Niedenzuella stannea (Malpighiaceae) em ovinos

Author
item CALDEIRA, FLAVIO - Federal University Of Mato Grosso
item ARRUDA, FELIPE - Centro Universitário Ritter Dos Reis (UNIRITTER)
item SHENKEL, DIEGO - Centro Universitário Ritter Dos Reis (UNIRITTER)
item MARCOLONG-PEREIRA, CLAIRTON - Centro Universitário Ritter Dos Reis (UNIRITTER)
item Lee, Stephen
item Cook, Daniel
item RIET-CORREA, FRANKLIN - Veterinary Hospital, Federal University Of Campina Grande (UFCG)
item COLODEL, EDSON - Federal University Of Mato Grosso

Submitted to: Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/5/2016
Publication Date: 7/1/2017
Citation: Caldeira, F.H., Arruda, F.P., Shenkel, D.M., Marcolong-Pereira, C., Lee, S.T., Cook, D., Riet-Correa, F., Colodel, E.M. 2017. Intoxicação experimental por Niedenzuella stannea (Malpighiaceae) em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira. 37(7):681-685. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2017000700005.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2017000700005

Interpretive Summary: Niedenzuella stannea a plant that causes sudden death in cattle in southern Mato Grosso State in Brazil. This study describes the toxicity and clinical and pathological findings of poisoning by N. stannea in sheep. Fruits, mature leaves and young leaves of the plant were collected on properties near the Araguaia River basin with a history of sudden death in cattle. No clinical signs were seen when mature leaves or fruit was fed to sheep. However, sheep fed young leaves showed clinical signs at doses from 5-29 g/kg with death at a dose of 30 g/kg. The plant maintained its toxicity after being dried. Ingestion of young leaves of N. stannea can cause intoxication in sheep and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sodium monofluoroacetate-containing plants.

Technical Abstract: Niedenzuella stannea a sodium monofluoroacetate-containing plant cause of sudden death in cattle in southern Mato Grosso State. This study describes the toxicity and clinical and pathological findings of experimental poisoning by N. stannea in sheep. Fruits, mature leaves and young leaves of the plant collected in properties near the margins of the Araguaia river basins with history of sudden death in cattle were used in the experiment. No clinical signs were observed in sheep ingesting doses between 10 and 40g/kg of mature leaves and 10g/kg of fruits. The animals had shown clinical signs when received young leaves of the plant orally in a single dose of 5, 10, 20g/kg, and death occurred in sheep receiving 30g/kg. The plant at the dose of 30g/kg of fresh leaves maintained its toxicity after being dried. The main clinical signs observed were anorexia, lethargy, dyspnea, tachycardia, and arrhythmia with a clinical course ranging from 16h to 20h after the onset of clinical signs. In an hyperacute terminal phase the animals showed reluctance to move, frequent urination, engorged jugular, evident venous pulse, muscle tremor, sternal recumbence, lateral decubitus, and death. At necropsy engorgement of the atrium and large veins of the heart, and pulmonary edema were observed. Microscopically, the kidney had hydropic-vacuolar degeneration in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubules. Ingestion of young leaves of N. stannea can cause intoxication in sheep and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sodium monofluoroacetate-containing plants.