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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Cereal Crops Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #336374
Research Project: Enhancement of Hard Spring Wheat, Durum, and Oat Quality

Location: Cereal Crops Research

Title: Variation of free asparagine concentration and association with quality parameters for hard red spring wheat grown in North Dakota

Author
item Ohm, Jae-Bom
item MERGOUM, MOHAMED - North Dakota State University
item SIMSEK, SENAY - North Dakota State University

Submitted to: Cereal Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/3/2017
Publication Date: 7/8/2017
Publication URL: https://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/5700924
Citation: Ohm, J.-B., Mergoum, M., Simsek, S. 2017. Variation of free asparagine concentration and association with quality parameters for hard red spring wheat grown in North Dakota. Cereal Chemistry. 94(4):712-716.

Interpretive Summary: Free asparagine in wheat is known to be a precursor for the formation of acrylamide which is unacceptable to consumers due to the potential risks to human health. This research was performed to investigate if it is possible to develop wheat cultivars that have low free asparagine concentration (FAC) without influencing quality traits for hard red spring (HRS) wheat genotypes in North Dakota (ND). For this purpose, FAC and quality traits were analyzed for 75 HRS wheat genotypes grown at three locations, ND. The growing location appeared to have strong influence on variation of FAC. The genotypes also showed significant difference for FAC. The interaction of genotype and location were also varied highly significant indicating that individual genotypes might show different stability among growing environments for wheat FAC. Statistical stability analyses showed that certain HRS genotypes had high static stability with consistently low FAC across growing locations. The genotype by location interaction was also explored graphically using statistical methods called additive main effects and multiplicative interaction, and genotype and genotype-environment interaction models. The graphical analyses also revealed that large difference of stability existed for FAC among HRS genotypes. The FAC showed low genotypic correlations with quality traits, indicating the segregation for low FAC may not accompany poor bread-making quality for HRS wheat genotypes. In conclusion, HRS wheat genotypes vary significantly for FAC and the development and identification of wheat cultivars that have low FAC consistently among growing locations is possible, which may lead to low potential to form carcinogenic acrylamide during bread baking and toasting.

Technical Abstract: Free asparagine in wheat is known to be a precursor for the formation of acrylamide which is unacceptable to consumers due to its potential risks to human health. This research was performed to determine variation of free asparagine concentration (FAC) in hard red spring (HRS) wheat grown in North Dakota (ND). Quality traits and FAC were analyzed for 75 HRS wheat genotypes grown at three locations, ND. The ANOVA indicated that growing location had strong effect on FAC. The main effect of genotype and interaction of genotype and location were also highly significant (P<0.001). Stability analyses showed that certain HRS genotypes had high static stability with consistently low FAC across growing locations. The genotype by location interaction was also explored graphically using biplots of principle components calculated using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction, and genotype and genotype-environment interaction models. The biplot analyses revealed that the pattern of interaction of genotype by location was non-crossover type and large difference of stability existed for FAC among HRS genotypes. The FAC showed low genotypic correlations with quality traits, indicating the low level of linkage between FAC and quality traits for HRS wheat genotypes.