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ARS Home » Plains Area » Las Cruces, New Mexico » Range Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #337113
Title: Comparison of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for predicting botanical composition of cattle diets

Author
item ALTANGEREL, N - Texas A&M University
item WALKER, J - Texas A&M Agrilife
item MAYAGOITIA GONZALEZ, P - New Mexico State University
item BAILEY, D - New Mexico State University
item Estell, Richard - Rick
item SCULLY, M - Texas A&M University

Submitted to: Rangeland Ecology and Management
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/22/2017
Publication Date: 10/1/2017
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/5708093
Citation: Altangerel, N., Walker, J.W., Mayagoitia Gonzalez, P., Bailey, D.W., Estell, R.E., Scully, M. 2017. Comparison of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for predicting botanical composition of cattle diets. Rangeland Ecology and Management. 70(6):781-786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2017.06.008.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2017.06.008

Interpretive Summary: Diet selection of grazing livestock is difficult to measure. Advanced technology has resulted in new techniques that need to be evaluated in the field. We compared near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to Raman spectroscopy for predicting the amount of Honey mesquite in cattle diets. Cattle were fed three different hay diets and mesquite at 0, 1, 3 or 5% of the diet and NIRS and Raman spectra from fecal samples were examined. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used to select wavenumbers that discriminate among the three hays. Fifteen of 350 possible wavenumbers for NIRS spectra and 29 of 300 possible wavenumbers for Raman spectra were significant. Analyses using these wavenumbers resulted in 100% correct classification for all three base diets. The new technique using Raman spectra provided greater separation than the standard technique using NIRS spectra. Raman spectroscopy may have utility for studying dietary habits of free ranging livestock, but further investigation is needed.

Technical Abstract: Diet selection is an important driver of ecosystem structure and function that is difficult to measure. Because of advances in spectroscopy new instruments are available for evaluating their applicability to ecological field studies. The objective of this study was to compare near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to Raman spectroscopy of fecal samples for predicting the percentage of Honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) in the diet of ruminally fistulated cattle fed three different base hay diets and to compare them for their ability to discriminate among the three base diets. Spectra were collected from fecal materials from a feeding trial with mesquite fed at 0, 1, 3 and 5% of the diet and base hay diets of timothy hay (Phleum pratense L.), Sudan hay (Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf), or a 50:50 combination of Bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) and beardless wheat hay (Triticum aestivum L.). NIRS and Raman spectra were used for partial least squares regression calibrations with the timothy and Sudan hays and validated with the Bermudagrass beardless wheat hay diets. NIRS spectra provided useful calibrations (r2=0.88, slope=1.03, intercept=1.88, root mean square error=2.09, bias=1.95, ratio of performance to deviation=2.6), but Raman spectra did not. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used to select wavenumbers for discriminant among the three hays. Fifteen of 350 possible wavenumbers for NIRS spectra and 29 of 300 possible wavenumbers for Raman spectra met the P=0.05 entry and staying criteria. Canonical discriminant analysis using these wavenumber resulted in 100% correct classification for all three base diets and the Raman spectra provided greater separation than NIRS spectra. Discrimination using Raman spectra was primarily associated with wavenumbers associated with undigestible constituents of the diet, i.e., lignin. In contrast, discrimination using f.NIRS spectra was primarily associated with wavenumbers associated with digestible constituents in the diet, i.e., protein, starch and lipid. We believe that Raman spectroscopy deserves further investigation as a quantitative technique in ecological field studies.