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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Corvallis, Oregon » Horticultural Crops Research Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #340276
Title: Control of Globodera spp. using Brassica juncea seed meal and seed meal extract

Author
item DANDURAND, LOUISE-MARIE - University Of Idaho
item MORRA, MATTHEW - University Of Idaho
item Zasada, Inga
item PHILLIPS, WENDY - Former ARS Employee
item POPOVA, INNA - University Of Idaho
item HARDER, CARL - University Of Idaho

Submitted to: Journal of Nematology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/30/2017
Publication Date: 12/15/2017
Citation: Dandurand, L., Morra, M.J., Zasada, I.A., Phillips, W., Popova, I., Harder, C. 2017. Control of Globodera spp. using Brassica juncea seed meal and seed meal extract. Journal of Nematology. 49(4):437–445.

Interpretive Summary: Globodera pallida, the pale cyst nematode, is a globally important nematode parasite of potato, with the potential to cause up to 80% reduction in potato yield. This nematode is currently found on a limited number of acres in Idaho, and attempts are underway to eliminate these damaging nematodes from these fields. Current control strategies rely on soil fumigation, the injection of nematode toxic compounds into soil. Due to increased regulatory concerns regarding soil fumigants, alternative control strategies are needed. In this research, the seed meal remaining after the extraction of oil from mustard seeds, was evaluated for control of G. pallida and Globodera ellingtonae, another cyst nematode found in Oregon. Additionally, the seed meal was concentrated into an extract which was also tested. After incorporation into soil, both mustard seed meal and seed meal extract reduced the ability of the nematodes to hatch and reproduce. Half as much mustard seed meal extract was needed to result in similar nematode control to that achieved with mustard seed meal. These results are significant because an alternative to soil fumigation for the control of pale cyst nematode was identified. This research will be used by scientist and potato farmers for the continued eradication of pale cyst nematode from Idaho fields.

Technical Abstract: The eradication program for the potato cyst nematode, Globodera pallida, revolves around the use of soil fumigation. Alternative, integrated strategies are needed to continue to battle this invasive nematode. Laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments were conducted with G. pallida and another cyst nematode found in the U.S., Globodera ellingtonae, to evaluate the efficacy of Brassica juncea seed meal and seed meal extract as an alternate eradication strategy. This is the first report on the efficacy of B. juncea seed meal extract against plant-parasitic nematodes. Rates of B. juncea seed meal greater than 2.2 t/ha and 4.5 t/ha for G. pallida and G. ellingtonae, respectively, were required for egg hatch suppression, as determined by a potato root diffusate bioassay. Reproduction of G. pallida on potato after exposure to the B. juncea seed meal at a rate of 2.2 t/ha was also significantly reduced. In the field, 8.9 t/ha B. juncea seed meal almost eliminated egg hatch of G. ellingtonae. When compared side-by-side, half as much B. juncea seed meal extract, 1.1 t/ha, was required to suppress G. ellingtonae egg hatch to the same extent as B. juncea seed meal. Exposure of G. pallida to B. juncea seed meal extract at 4.5 t/ha reduced egg hatch by 90% compared to a non-amended control. The ability to reduce the amount of material being applied to soil by using an extract has the potential for integration into a G. pallida eradication program.