Author
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DUAN, NAIBIN - Shandong Agricultural University |
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BAI, YANG - Boyce Thompson Institute |
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SUN, HONGHE - Boyce Thompson Institute |
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WANG, NAN - Shandong Agricultural University |
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MA, YUMIN - Shandong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences |
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JIAO, CHEN - Boyce Thompson Institute |
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LEGAL, NOAH - Boyce Thompson Institute |
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MAO, LINYONG - Boyce Thompson Institute |
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WAN, SIBAO - Cornell University |
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WANG, KUN - Chinese Academy Of Sciences |
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HE, TIANMING - Xinjiang Agricultural University |
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FENG, SHOUQIAN - Shandong Agricultural University |
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ZHANG, ZONGYING - Shandong Agricultural University |
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MAO, ZHIQUAN - Shandong Agricultural University |
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SHEN, XIANG - Shandong Agricultural University |
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CHEN, XIAOLIU - Shandong Agricultural University |
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JIANG, YUANMAO - Shandong Agricultural University |
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WU, SHUJING - Shandong Agricultural University |
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YIN, CHENGMIAO - Shandong Agricultural University |
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GE, SHUNFENG - Shandong Agricultural University |
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YANG, LONG - Shandong Agricultural University |
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JIANG, SHENGHUI - Shandong Agricultural University |
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XU, HAIFENG - Shandong Agricultural University |
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JIANG, YUANMAO - Shandong Agricultural University |
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WU, SHUJING - Shandong Agricultural University |
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YIN, CHENGMIAO - Shandong Agricultural University |
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LIU, JINGXUAN - Shandong Agricultural University |
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WANG, DEYUN - Shandong Agricultural University |
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QU, CHANGZHI - Shandong Agricultural University |
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WANG, YICHENG - Shandong Agricultural University |
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ZUO, WEIFANG - Shandong Agricultural University |
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XIANG, LI - Shandong Agricultural University |
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LIU, CHANG - Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University (HLAU) |
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ZHANG, DAOYUAN - Chinese Academy Of Sciences |
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GAO, YUAN - Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences |
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XU, YIMIN - Boyce Thompson Institute |
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LI, MINGJUN - Northwest Agricultural & Forestry University |
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XU, KENONG - Cornell University |
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Chao, Chihcheng |
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SHU, HUAIRUI - Shandong Agricultural University |
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Zhong, Gan-Yuan |
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CHENG, LAILIANG - Cornell University |
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FEI, ZHANGJUN - Boyce Thompson Institute |
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CHEN, XUESEN - Shandong Agricultural University |
Submitted to: Nature Communications
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: 6/20/2017 Publication Date: 8/15/2017 Citation: Duan, N., Bai, Y., Sun, H., Wang, N., Ma, Y., Jiao, C., Legal, N., Mao, L., Wan, S., Wang, K., He, T., Feng, S., Zhang, Z., Mao, Z., Shen, X., Chen, X., Jiang, Y., Wu, S., Yin, C., Ge, S., Yang, L., Jiang, S., Xu, H., Jiang, Y., Wu, S., Yin, C., Liu, J., Wang, D., Qu, C., Wang, Y., Zuo, W., Xiang, L., Liu, C., Zhang, D., Gao, Y., Xu, Y., Li, M., Xu, K., Chao, C.T., Shu, H., Zhong, G., Cheng, L., Fei, Z., Chen, X. 2017. Genome re-sequencing reveals the history of apple and supports a two-stage model for fruit enlargement. Nature Communications. 8:A249. Interpretive Summary: Apple is an important fruit crop in the world. Where apple was originated and how it was distributed through-out history is among one of many interesting questions in the minds of many apple researchers. This study investigated the genetic makeup of 117 diverse apple accessions from many countries, including several along the Silk Road, and concluded that cultivated apples likely originated from Malus sieversii (a wild apple species) in Kazakhstan, followed by intensive introgressions from M. sylvestris (another wild apple species). We also identified several genetic factors important for apple fruit texture and flavor and provided evidence that apple fruit size evolution went through two major events with one occurring prior to domestication and the other during domestication. The knowledge obtained from this study will provide valuable information for apple improvement. Technical Abstract: Human selection has reshaped crop genomes. Here we report an apple genome variation map generated through genome sequencing of 117 diverse accessions. A comprehensive model of apple speciation and domestication along the Silk Road was proposed based on evidence from diverse genomic analyses. Cultivated apples likely originate from Malus sieversii in Kazakhstan, followed by intensive introgressions from M. sylvestris. M. sieversii in Xinjiang of China turns out to be an ‘ancient’ isolated ecotype not directly contributing to apple domestication. We identified selective sweeps underlying QTLs/genes of important fruit quality traits including fruit texture and flavor, and provided evidences supporting a novel model of apple fruit size evolution comprising two major events with one occurring prior to domestication and the other during domestication. This study outlines the genetic basis of apple domestication and evolution, and provides valuable information for facilitating marker-assisted breeding and apple improvement. |