Datasheet report for Plantago asiatica mosaic virus

Authors: Hammond, John

Submitted to: Center for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI) Invasive Species Compendium
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/12/2018
Publication Date: 6/21/2018
Citation: Hammond, J. 2018. Plantago asiatica mosaic virus – data sheet. Center for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI) Invasive Species Compendium. Available: https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheetreport?dsid=121894.

Interpretive Summary: Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV) is an emerging potexvirus which was first described in the 1970’s from the wild/weedy plant Plantago asiatica L. in the Russian Far East, while the Nandina mosaic isolate was reported from cultivated Nandina domestica in the USA. More recently PlAMV was reported infecting lilies in Japan; a distinct strain has been reported in lilies in the Netherlands, and subsequently in other countries, probably as a result of distribution in the international bulb trade. Other species have been reported to be naturally infected in Korea, Japan, or the Netherlands. The natural host range includes plants from nine taxonomically diverse families, and PlAMV also has an experimental host range including species from at least ten additional diverse plant families. PlAMV is transmitted through the soil without a biological vector. The experimental host range suggests the potential for establishment of PlAMV in soil where infected crops are grown. Information is provided on potential risks and routes of introduction to new areas, the biology and ecology of the virus, and methods for detection and identification, prevention and control. This information will be of value to growers of crops known to be susceptible, and to quarantine and regulatory officials.

Technical Abstract: Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV) is a potexvirus which was first described from the wild/weedy plant Plantago asiatica L. in the Russian Far East, and the Nandina mosaic isolate from cultivated Nandina domestica in the USA. PlAMV also naturally infects P. asiatica and Rehmannia glutinosa in Korea, and N. domestica, Primula seiboldii, Lilium maximowiczii and Viola grypoceras in Japan. PlAMV has also been detected in commercially grown lilies in the Netherlands and elsewhere in Europe, Taiwan, the USA, South Korea, Chile, China, New Zealand, India, and Costa Rica. Widespread occurrence in cultivated lilies is likely due to international distribution of infected bulbs. Isolates from Japanese lily are distinct from the ‘European-like’ lily isolates from other countries, suggesting more than one introduction into lilies. PlAMV is able to spread readily through soil by uptake (and probably exudation) through the roots, and is quite stable in contaminated planting media; no vector is known. PlAMV has a wide experimental host range. This compendium provides information on potential risks and routes of introduction to new areas, the biology and ecology of the virus, and methods for detection and identification, prevention and control. This information will be of value to growers of crops known to be susceptible, and to quarantine and regulatory officials.