Characterization and sources of dissolved and particulate phosphorus in 10 freshwater lakes with different trophic statuses in China by solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Authors: ZHANG, CHEN - Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences; FENG, WEIYING - Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences; CHEN, HAIYAN - Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences; ZHU, YUANRONG - Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences; WU, FENGCHANG - Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences; GIESY, JOHN - University Of Saskatchewan; He, Zhongqi; WANG, HAO - Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences; SUN, FUHONG - Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences

Submitted to: Ecological Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/9/2018
Publication Date: 1/21/2019
Citation: Zhang, C., Feng, W., Chen, H., Zhu, Y., Wu, F., Giesy, J.P., He, Z., Wang, H., Sun, F. 2019. Characterization and sources of dissolved and particulate phosphorus in 10 freshwater lakes with different trophic statuses in China by solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Ecological Research. 34:106-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1703.1006.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1703.1006

Interpretive Summary: Phosphorus (P) is a vital element in aquatic environment. Information on dissolved phosphorus (DP) and particulate phosphorus (PP) are essential to evaluate P dynamics and control eutrophication. DP and PP in 10 freshwater lakes representing various eutrophic status were extracted by an improved enrichment method and analyzed by solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Data analysis showed dissolved Mono-P fractions were from the combination of terrestrial and aquatic/microbial sources, but TOC, Ortho-P, Di-P were mainly from the aquatic/microbial product sources. This study increased information on the circulation of P in eutrophic lakes, and provided a basis for controlling relevant algal bloom in the subsequent study.

Technical Abstract: Phosphorus (P) is a vital element in aquatic environment. Information on dissolved phosphorus (DP) and particulate phosphorus (PP) are essential to evaluate P dynamics and control eutrophication. DP and PP in 10 freshwater lakes representing various eutrophic status were extracted by an improved enrichment method and analyzed by solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P NMR). The results indicated that the predominant forms of DP were orthophosphate (Ortho-P) and monoester phosphate (Mono-P), and there was a greater ratio of Mono-P in moderated and hyper eutrophic lakes. a-glycerophophate (32.5%), ß-glycerophosphate (23.4%), guanosine 2' Mono P (20.2-29.3%) and inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP) (31.2-36.4%) were the major forms of Mono-P, and diester phosphate (Di-P) was dominated by teichoic-acid (0.7-14.8%) and DNA (0.6-17.7%). Moreover, correlation analysis showed dissolved Mono-P fractions were from the combination of terrestrial and aquatic/microbial sources, but TOC, Ortho-P, Di-P were mainly from the aquatic/microbial product sources. pH was a crucial parameter to control Di-P, pyrophosphate (Pyro-P) and polyphosphate (Poly-P). Mono P showed a positive correlation with chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) (R2= 0.459), TP (R2=0.586) and trophic state index (TSI) (R2=0.588), which suggested that the role of Mono P played in hyper eutrophication lakes should be paid more attention as Mono P was a potential factor of limiting phosphorus nutrition.