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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Crop Science Research Laboratory » Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #349320
Title: Morph-physiological responses of cotton interspecific chromosome substitution lines to low-temperature and drough stresses

Author
item AWASTHI, AKANKSHA - Mississippi State University
item REDDY, K - Mississippi State University
item Saha, Sukumar
item Jenkins, Johnie
item STELLY, DAVID - Texas A&M University

Submitted to: Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/30/2018
Publication Date: 11/2/2018
Citation: Awasthi, A., Reddy, K.R., Saha, S., Jenkins, J.N., Stelly, D.M. 2018. Morph-physiological responses of cotton interspecific chromosome substitution lines to low-temperature and drough stresses. Euphytica. 214:218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2300-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2300-6

Interpretive Summary: Lack of timely rain and low temperature during seed germination often cause serious problems in cotton production. According to the 2007 USDA Census of Agriculture (http://www.agcensus.usda.go/) USA cotton producers grow cotton in about 64% of the area without irrigation relying solely on the rainfall. Limited knowledge on the genetic and physiological parameters associated with drought and low temperature stresses and narrow genetic diversity in Upland cotton are serious impediments in its genetic improvement. The objectives of this research were to determine the cotton germplasm tolerant to drought and low temperature stresses and identiciation of the genetic and physiological parameters associated with drought and low temperature effects. Chromosome substitution (CS) lines from three alien species of G. barbadense, G. tomentosum and G. mustelinum were used for this research. Two experiments were conducted to study low temperature and drought stress effects during seedling emergence and growth stages in 21 cotton CS lines and the parent, Texas Marker (TM)-1. In Experiment I, plants were grown at optimum (30/22°C) and low (22/14°C) temperatures under optimum water and nutrient conditions. In Experiment II, plants were grown at optimum water and drought conditions under optimum temperature condition. Several growth parameters including several root traits of the CS lines were assessed at 25 days after sowing. The findings suggest which substituted chromosome or chromosome segment from the alien species were the potential sources of gene(s) for higher and lower tolerance to low temperature and drought stress, respectively. CS-T04 and CSB08sh lines showed significant higher and lower tolerance to low temperature, respectively. CS-T04 and CS-B22sh showed significant higher and lower tolerance, respectively to drought condition. CS lines provided a powerful analytical tool and useful genetic resources for targeted exploitation of beneficial genes for drought and low temperature stresses in Upland cotton.

Technical Abstract: Limited knowledge on the genetic and physiological parameters associated with drought and low temperature stresses and narrow genetic diversity in Upland cotton are serious impediments in its genetic improvement. The objectives of this research were to determine the genetic and physiological parameters associated with drought and low temperature effects and identify the chromosomal effect on these traits using chromosome substitution (CS) lines from three alien species of G. barbadense, G. tomentosum and G. mustelinum, respectively. Two experiments were conducted to study low temperature and drought stress effects during seedling emergence and growth stages in 21 cotton CS-lines with parent, Texas Marker (TM)-1. In Experiment I, plants were grown at optimum (30/22°C) and low (22/14°C) temperatures under optimum water and nutrient conditions. In Experiment II, plants were grown at optimum water and drought conditions for plants grown at optimum temperature conditions. Above- and below-ground growth parameters including several root traits of the CS lines were assessed at 25 days after sowing. The findings suggest which substituted chromosome or chromosome segment from the alien species likely harbors one or more genes for higher and lower tolerance to low temperature, respectively. CS-T04 and CSB08sh showed significant higher and lower tolerance to low temperature, respectively and CS-T04 and CS-B22sh showed significant higher and lower tolerance, respectively, to drought. CS lines provided a powerful analytical tool and useful genetic resources for targeted exploitation of beneficial genes for drought and low temperature stresses in Upland cotton.