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ARS Home » Midwest Area » West Lafayette, Indiana » Livestock Behavior Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #357003
Research Project: Protecting the Welfare of Food Producing Animals

Location: Livestock Behavior Research

Title: Variation in the response of bovine alveolar lavage cells to diverse species of probiotic bacteria

Author
item Eicher, Susan
item Chitko-Mckown, Carol
item BRYAN, KEITH - Chr Hansen Inc

Submitted to: BMC Research Notes
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/24/2020
Publication Date: 3/18/2020
Citation: Eicher, S.D., Chitko-McKown, C.G., Bryan, K. 2020. Variation in the response of bovine alveolar lavage cells to diverse species of probiotic bacteria. BMC Research Notes. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-4921-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-4921-9

Interpretive Summary: Probiotics are commonly used for gut health. They are usually fed and therefore may have some interaction with the upper respiratory system. How they interact with upper respiratory immune cells is not known. We aimed to determine how microbes affect functions and markers of immune cells of the upper respiratory tract. Two synbiotics (multiple microbes that are probiotics and prebiotics necessary to feed and support the microbes activity) were used and 8 single microbes of probiotic potential. Using upper respiratory tract (lung) cells from calves at slaughter, we determined varied responses by those cells after stimulation with the microbes. The effects of the probiotics even appeared to be divergent. Two of the probiotic microbes were most immunomodulatory compared with controls. However, one appeared to suppress and the other to increase lung immune cell functions, showing that probiotic bacteria differentially modulate respiratory immune cells.

Technical Abstract: Probiotics are frequently used for enteric health. They are usually fed and therefore may have some interaction with the upper respiratory system. How they interact with upper respiratory immune cells is not known. We aimed to determine how microbes affect functions and markers of bronchoalveolar lung lavage cells (BAL). BAL were isolated from lungs of calves at slaughter. Treatments were a Lactobacillus probiotic (US), a commercially available probiotic (PB), Lactobacillus animalis (LA-51), Propionibacterium freudenreichii (PF-24), Enterococcus faecium (CH-212), E. faecium (SF-273), E. faecium (M-74), Bifidobacterium animalis ssp lactis (BB-12), Bacillus subtilis (EB-15 ), and Bacillus amyloliquifaciens (ZM-16). Microbial cells and BAL were incubated 1:1 for 2 h at 37° C and 5% CO2. Cell aliquots received media only (control, CNT), CD14 (FITC) and CD205 (RPE), CD18 (Alexa Fluor 647), or E. coli bioparticles (Molecular Probes). Differences were declared at P = 0.05. Mean fluorescence of phagocytosis of E. coli bioparticles was less for BB-12 and EB-15 than CNT, but percentage of cells phagocytizing was not different. Oxidative burst by M-74 was less than CH-212, BB-12, EB-15, PB, and US, but none were different than CNT. The percentage of cells with oxidative burst was greater for PF-24 than for LA-51, BB-12, ZM-16, PB, and CNT. CD 14 mean fluorescence was least for M-74 compared with all other microbes and CNT, but the percentage of cells expressing CD14 was greatest on PF-24 and US compared with EB-15 and BB-12, but not CNT. DC-205 mean fluorescence was greatest for M-74 compared with LA-51, PF-24, CH-212, SF-273, CNT, and US. Percentage of cell expressing DC-205 and CD18 was not different from controls. PF-24 and M-74 were most immunomodulatory compared with controls. M-74 appeared to suppress and PF-24 to increase leukocyte functions, showing that probiotic bacteria differentially modulate BAL.