Target and non-target response of Swietenia Mahagoni Jacq. chemical constituents against tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura Fab. and earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae Kinb

Authors: DIINESH-KUMAR, ANANDAN - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); SRIMAAN, ELANGOVAN - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); CHELLAPPANDIAN, MUTHIAH - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); VASANTHA-SRINIVASAN, PRABHAKARAN - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); KARTHI, SENGODAN - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); THANIGAIVEL, ANNAMALAI - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); PONSANKAR, AATHIRSTAM - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); CHANTHINI, KANAGARAJ - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); SHYAN-SUNDAR, NARAYANAN - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); ANNAMALAI, MAHENDIRAN - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); KALAIVANI, KANDASWAMY - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU); Hunter, Wayne; SENTHIL-NATHAN, SENGOTTAYAN - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University (MSU)

Submitted to: Chemosphere
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/24/2018
Publication Date: 2/3/2018
Citation: Dinesh-Kumar, A., Srimaan, E., Chellappandian, M., Vasantha-Srinivasan, P., Karthi, S., Thanigaivel, A., Ponsankar, A., Chanthini, K., Shyan-Sundar, N., Annamalai, M., Kalaivani, K., Hunter, W.B., Senthil-Nathan, S. 2018. Target and non-target response of Swietenia Mahagoni Jacq. chemical constituents against tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura Fab. and earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae Kinb. Chemosphere. 199:35e43. https://doi.org/10.1016.j.chemosphere.2018.01.130.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.130

Interpretive Summary: New insecticides are needed. Toxicological screening from the tree Swietenia mahagoni Jacq. (Meliaceae, West Indies Mahogany) showed insecticidal effects against the lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura. Phytochemical analyses revealed of nine fractions the greatest was associated with Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (31.5%). Insect larvae treated with 100 parts per milion caused significant mortality (95%) compare to other treatment concentrations. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) occurred at 31.04 and 86.82 ppm respectively. Sub-lethal concentrations (30ppm) resulted in longer development times, lower weights and reduced adult fecundity. Results support this bio-rational plant product displays significant effects to reduce insects and lepidopteran pests while having low toxicity to other beneficial species.

Technical Abstract: New insecticides are needed. Toxicological screening from phytochemicals from Swietenia mahagoni Jacq. (Meliaceae, West Indies Mahogany) showed insecticidal effects against lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura. Phytochemical analyses GC-MS analysis revealed nine peaks with a prominent peak at Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (31.5%). Larvae exposed to 100 parts per million, PPM, had significant mortality compare to other treatment concentrations. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) occurred at 31.04 and 86.82ppm respectively. Sub-lethal concentrations (30ppm) resulted in longer developmental times, significantly reduced pupal weight and mean fecundity. Results suggest that this bio-rational plant product displays significant insecticidal effects and may aid efforts to reduce Hemimpteran and Lepidopteran pests of food crops.