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Title: Detection of swainsonine and calystegines in Convolvulaceae species from the semiarid region of Pernambuco

Author
item MENDONCA, FABIO - Federal Rural University Of Pernambuco
item SIVA FILHO, GIVALDO - Federal Rural University Of Pernambuco
item CHAVES, HISADORA - Federal Rural University Of Pernambuco
item AIRES, LORENA - Federal Rural University Of Pernambuco
item BRAGA, THAIZA - Federal Rural University Of Pernambuco
item Gardner, Dale
item Cook, Daniel
item BURIL, MARIA - Federal Rural University Of Pernambuco

Submitted to: Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/19/2018
Publication Date: 11/1/2018
Citation: Mendonca, F.S., Siva Filho, G.B., Chaves, H.A., Aires, L.D., Braga, T.C., Gardner, D.R., Cook, D., Buril, M.T. 2018. Detection of swainsonine and calystegines in Convolvulaceae species from the semiarid region of Pernambuco. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira. 38(11):2044-2051. http://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-5945.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-5945

Interpretive Summary: The purpose of this work was to collect select species of plants from the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil and then to analyze these plants for suspected toxins that may cause lysosomal storage disease in livestock. From seven locations were collected nine different species of plants. The plants were all from the family Convolvulaceae. The collected plants were identified and specimens from each were deposited in the Herbarium at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. Additional material from each collection was sent to the Poisonous Plant Laboratory in Logan, Utah (United States) for analysis of the toxins known as swainsonine and calystegines which are associated with lysosomal storage disease. Seven of the nine species were found to contain the toxins. This information identifies a group of plants that could be potentially toxic to livestock grazing in this semiarid region of Pernambuco and will be useful for further studies investigating the occurrence of lysosomal storage disease in livestock.

Technical Abstract: Numerous plant species worldwide including some Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) and Sida (Malvaceae) species in Brazil cause lysosomal storage disease in herbivores and are known to contain swainsonine and calystegines as the main toxic compounds. The aim of this work was to determine swainsonine and calystegines concentrations in species of Convolvulaceae from the semiarid region of Pernambuco. Seven municipalities in the Moxotó region were visited and nine species were collected and screened for the presence of swainsonine and calystegines using an HPLC-APCI-MS method. The presence and concentration of these alkaloids within the same and in different species were very variable. Seven species are newly reported here containing swainsonine and/or calystegines. Ipomoea subincana contained just swainsonine. Ipomoea megapotamica, I. rosea and Jacquemontia corymbulosa contained swainsonine and calystegines. Ipomoea sericosepala, I. brasiliana, I. nil, I. bahiensis and I. incarnata contained just calystegines. The discovery of six Ipomoea species and one Jacquemontia species containing toxic polyhydroxy alkaloids reinforces the importance of this group of poisonous plants to ruminants and horses in the semiarid region of Pernambuco. Epidemiological surveys should be conducted to investigate the occurrence of lysosomal storage disease associated to these new species.